MUO

Question 1

MUO vs MUA vs MUE

Answer 1

• MUO = meningomyelitis of unknown origin
• MUA/E = meningomyelitis of unknown (a)etiology
  = the same thing

Question 2

What is MUO

Answer 2

• an autoimmune inflammatory dz affecting the parenchyma of the spinal cord
• it is usually not limited to the spinal cord and also affects the brain, and so is usually considered meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin

Question 3

Presentation

Answer 3

• the pathology is usually multifocal and so may present with a multifocal lesion localisation
• it is likely to present as a progressive neurological dysfunction which can occur at any age

Question 4

Diagnosis

Answer 4

• lesions can be seen on MRI, which is not definitively diagnostic
• CSF may show a mixed pleocytosis which is also not definitively diagnostic

Question 5

Tx

Answer 5

• long term immunosuppressive course of corticosteroids in combination with other immunosuppressive agents such as cytosine arabinoside
• lomustine and cyclosporin have also been used

Question 6

Prognosis

Answer 6

• response to therapy is variable
• 1/3 dead by 3w
• 1/3 dead by 3m
• 1/3 alive at 3y
• some dogs need corticosteroids for very extended periods, or even indefinite
• there can be recurrences at long intervals

Question 7

NME

Answer 7

= necrotising meningoencephalitis

Question 8

PDE

Answer 8

= pug dog encephalitis