Murmurs

Question 1

Heard at 2nd right ICS

radiates to the CAROTID arteries

Answer 1

Aortic Stenosis

Question 2

2nd LEFT ICS

Answer 2

Pulmonic Stenosis

Question 3

Lower LEFT sternal border

Answer 3

Aortic Regurgitation
Tricuspid Murmurs
VSD Murmurs

Question 4

Apex

Radiates into the AXILLA

Answer 4

Mitral Regurgitation

Question 5

SYSTOLIC MURMURS

Answer 5

Aortic Stenosis
Tricuspid Regurgitation

ASTRa

Question 6

DIASTOLIC MURMURS

Answer 6

Mitral Stenosis
Pulmonary Regurgitation

MSPR

Question 7

Crescendo, Midsytolic Murmur

Answer 7

Aortic Stenosis

Question 8

Early diastolic murmur

Answer 8

Aortic Regurgitation

Question 9

Holosystolic murmur

Answer 9

Mitral Regurgitation

Tricuspid Regurgitation

Question 10

Diastolic Murmur after the Opening Snap

Answer 10

Mitral Stenosis

Question 11

Change in Venous Return

INCREASE (squat, leg raise) - DECREASE murmur
DECREASE (stand, Valsalva) - INCREASE murmur

Answer 11

HCOM

MVP

Question 12

Change in Venous Return

INCREASE (squat, leg raise) - INCREASE murmur
DECREASE (stand, Valsalva) - DECREASE murmur

Answer 12

Aortic Stenosis
Aortic Regurgitation
Mitral Stenosis
Mitral Regurgitation
VSD

Question 13

SYNCOPE
ANGINA
DYSPNEA

Answer 13

Aortic Stenosis

• crescendo decrescendo mid systolic murmur
• Gallavardin effect
• pulsus parvus et tardus - weak and delayed
• afib

Question 14

diastolic decrescendo murmur at L sternal border

murmur heard over femoral artery - Durosiez sign

Answer 14

Aortic Regurgitation

Question 15

Murmur in severe AR “rumbling sound”

Answer 15

Austin Flint Murmur

Question 16

Jarring of the entire body and bobbing motion of the head

Answer 16

De Musset Sign

Question 17

Bounding and forceful pulse, rapidly increasing and subsequently collapsing

Answer 17

Water - Hammer or Corrigans Pulse

Question 18

Capillary pulsation at the ROOT of the NAIL

Answer 18

Quincke’s pulse

Question 19

Booming “pistol shot” sound over the FEMORAL ARTERIES

Answer 19

Traube sign

Question 20

To and fro murmur when FEMORAL artery is COMPRESSED

Answer 20

Duroziez sign

Question 21

(+)rheumatic fever
dyspnea and palpitation
OPENING SNAP followed by low pitched tumbling diastolic murmur at the apex

Answer 21

MITRAL STENOSIS

• RF - MCC
• straightening of the upper left border of the cardiac silhouette - EARLIEST xray finding
• Percutaneous Transmitral Commissurotomy - PTMC -treatment of choice

Question 22

Hemodynamic hallmark of Mitral Stenosis

Answer 22

abnormally elevated LEFT atrioventricular pressure

Question 23

Functional tricuspid murmur in MS

Answer 23

Carvallo sign

Question 24

Imaging findings in Mitral Stenosis

Answer 24

ECG: LA enlargement, RAD and RVH
CXR: straightening of the left upper border of cardiac silhouette

Question 25

Unique Features and Presentation of Mitral Stenosis

Answer 25

DYSPHAGIA - enlarged LA pressing on the ESOPHAGUS

HOARSENESS - enlarged LA pressing on the RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE

ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and STROKE from enormous LA and HEMOPTYSIS - increase LA pressure causing pulmonary venous HPN and rupture of pulmonary bronchial venous connections