Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

MIcroanatomy > Muscle > Flashcards

Muscle Flashcards

(69 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Muscle cells are also known as

A

Myocytes and myofibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Muscle cells are what shape and originate from

A

spindle shaped

Mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sarcoplasm

A

Cytoplasm of muscle cells that contain glycogen and myoglobin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sarcolemma

A

Plasma membrane of muscle cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

Highly specialized Smooth ER of a muscle cell

Regulates Ca flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cardiac muscle cells are arranged in

A

Fibers

are tubular branching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Smooth muscle

A

Fusiform

spindle shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of muscle have striations

A

Cardiac and skeletal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What type of muscle makes up to 50% of body weight

A

Skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Myocytes of skeletal muscle contain what

A

Multiple and peripherally located muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Striations of myocytes in skeletal muscles are seen when cut in how

A

Longitudinal section

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Skeletal muscle contracts

A

Fast

Voluntary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where are the skeletal muscles (4)

A

Voluntary sphincter in GIT and urinary system
Muscles in esophagus
Tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Development of skeletal muscle

A

Mesenchymal cells align and fuse together forming multinucleated tubes called myotubules
Myotubules differentiate forming functional myofilaments and the nuclei are displaced against PM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are satellite cells

A

In the development of skeletal muscles cells, some cells do not differentiate and remain as mesenchymal cells, they function in muscle repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What surrounds a skeletal muscle

A

Irregular CT called perimysium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In the skeletal muscle, a whole muscle cell can be made up to many smaller bundles known as and are surrounded by

A

Fascicles

Perimysium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Myofibers contain cylindrical bundles of? which in turn contain many smaller bundles of

A

Myofibrils

Myofilaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Myofibers

A

Cylindrical multinucleated cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the contractile element in skeletal muscles

A

Myofibrils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Myofibrils are composed of

A

Repeating sections of myofilaments known as thin and thick myofilaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Thick filaments

A

Myosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Thin filaments

A

Actin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the contractile or functional unit of a myocyte

A

Sarcomere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Which band is darker and contains the thick and thin myofilament overlapping
A band
26
A band is composed of
Myosin
27
I band is? and composed of
Pale | Actin filaments
28
Striations are due to the presence of what type of myofilaments
A: Dark I: Pale
29
Each band is bisected by a protein disc known as
Z line
30
T or F | During contraction of skeletal muscle, the actin filaments slide under the myosin filaments which elongates the I band
False | Slide over and shortens the I band
31
What other proteins hold actin and myosin in position in myofibril (3)
Desmin Tropomyosin Troponin
32
Thin filament has (4)
G actin Tropomyosin Troponin Actin monomers
33
Muscle contraction (5)
Ca binds to troponin C Conformational change in tropomyosin exposes the myosin binding site on ACTIN Myosin heads bind to actin (ATP turns into ADP which moves the myosin head) Bound thin filaments slide over thick filaments Shortening of entire muscle fiber
34
T or F | ATP is the main character in movement of myosin heads
FALSE | ADP
35
What are t tubules
Deep invagination of sarcolemma only found in skeletal and cardiac muscles
36
T or F | T tubules are not present in smooth muscle cells
TRUE
37
What do t tubules do
Allow depolarization of membrane to quickly penetrate to the interior of the cell allowing Ca release from sarcoplasmic reticulum
38
Who stores and releases Ca ions to initiate contraction
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
39
Type 1 skeletal muscle is also known as
Red muscle
40
Type one skeletal muscle are rich in
Myoglobin that's why they are darker
41
T or F | Type 1 skeletal muscle have a fast twitch
FALSE | SLOW
42
Examples of type 1 skeletal muscles
Postural muscles of mammals and pectoral muscles of migrating birds
43
Type 2 skeletal muscle are also known as
WHITE
44
T or F | Type 2 muscle cells have fast twitch
TRUE
45
What can you say about the nucleus in cardiac cells
Single cell with central nuclei
46
Where are the intercalated discs present
In cardiac muscle cells
47
T or F | Cardiac muscle doesn't have SR
False
48
What are the intercalated discs for
To attach cardiac muscle cells together so they function as a syncytium
49
Intercalated discs consist of (2)
Transverse and longitudinal elements
50
Transverse elements of intercalated discs (3)
Anchor Desmosome Serve as strong attachment
51
Longitudinal elements of cardiac muscle (3)
Communication Gap junctions Propagate electric impulse
52
Conductile cardiac muscle cells are
Purkinje fibers (pale pink)
53
Purkinje cells
Neuronal cell bodies in middle layer of cerebral cortex | Characterized by a large, globose body and massive, branching dendrites but a single slender axon
54
Nuclei in smooth muscle
Single centrally
55
T or F | There are more striations and myofibrils in smooth muscle than skeletal muscle
False | There are no striations in smooth muscle nor myofibrils
56
What are the anchor for myofilaments in the smooth muscle
Dense bodies
57
Contraction in smooth muscle
Involuntary
58
Single smooth muscle is found where
Visceral organs
59
Where is the multiunit smooth muscle found
Iris of eye
60
Contraction of Multiunit sm.
Precise with individual innervations
61
Peristalsis
Wave-like contractions
62
Vascular dynamics
Contraction alters blood flow and important in blood pressure
63
Propulsion is in
Urinary bladder and uterus
64
Functions of the Smooth muscle cells
Peristalsis Vascular dynamics Propulsion Secretion
65
Tunica muscularis is
wall of luminal organs
66
Myoepithelial cells are found as
Basket like cells
67
Location of myoepithelial cells
Salivary, mammary and lacrimal glands | Enclose clusters of glandular cells
68
What type of muscle lacks the ability to regenerate
Cardiac muscle
69
In a muscle type, repair is completed by
Scar formation

MIcroanatomy (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions