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AP 700 - Gross Anatomy I > Muscle Origins & Insertions > Flashcards

Muscle Origins & Insertions Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

Superficial pectoral m.

A

Origin: sternum

Insertion: crest of greater tubercle and cranial humeral border

Action: adduct the thoracic limb

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2
Q

Deep pectoral m.

A

Origin: sternum

Insertion: greater and lesser tubercles of humerus

Action: adduct thoracic limb and pull it caudally

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3
Q

Brachiocephalicus m.

A

Origin: clavicular intersection

Insertion:

cleidobrachialis: distal cranial humerus

cleidocephalicus:

mastoid part: mastoid process of temporal bone

cervical part: dorsal midline of neck

Action: pull thoracic limb cranially (and/or) depress and pull head and neck laterally

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4
Q

Omotransversarius m.

A

Cranial-most attachment: wing of atlas

Caudal-most attachment: distal spine of scapula

Action: pull thoracic limb cranially (and/or) depress and pull head and neck laterally

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5
Q

Trapezius m.

A

Origin:

cervical part: dorsal neck

thoracic part: dorsal thorax

Insertion: spine of the scapula

Action: elevate the thoracic limb

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6
Q

Rhomboideus m.

A

Origin:

rhomboideus thoracis: dorsal thorax

rhomboideus cervicis: dorsal neck

rhomboideus capitis: nuchal crest of occipital bone

Insertion: dorsal border of scapula and/or scapular cartilage

Action: elevate the thoracic limb

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7
Q

Serratus ventralis m.

A

Origin:

serratus ventralis cervicis: cervical vertebrae

serratus ventralis thorais: thoracic wall (ribs)

Insertion: serrated face of scapula

Action: support and/or elevate the trunk

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8
Q

Latissimus dorsi m.

A

Origin: thoracolumbar fascia

Insertion: teres major tuberosity

Action: draw the thoracic limb caudally, flex or extend the humeral joint

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9
Q

Sternocephalicus m.

A

Origin: sternum

Insertion:

mastoid part: mastoid process of temporal bone

occipital part: occipital bone

Action: depress head and neck; draw head and neck laterally

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10
Q

Stenohyoideus m.

A

Origin: sternum

Insertion: basihyoid bone

Action: pull tongue and larynx caudally

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11
Q

Sternothyroideus m.

A

Origin: cranial aspect of sternum or ribcage

Insertion: thyroid cartilage

Action: pull tongue and larynx caudally

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12
Q

Deltoideus m.

A

Origin: spine of the scapula and acromion

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity

Action: extend the humeral joint

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13
Q

Supraspinatus m.

A

Origin: supraspinous fossa of the scapula

Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus

Action: flex humeral joint (varies); abduct limb at humeral joint

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14
Q

Infraspinatus m.

A

Origin: infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus

Action: flex the humoral joint; abduct the limb at humeral joint

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15
Q

Teres minor m.

A

ID only

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16
Q

Subscapularis m.

A

Origin: subscapular fossa of scapula

Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus

Action: adduct limb at humeral joint

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17
Q

Teres major m.

A

Origin: caudal border of scapula

Insertion: teres major tuberosity of humerus

Action: flex the humeral joint

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18
Q

Coracobrachialis m.

A

Origin: coracoid process of scapula

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19
Q

Biceps brachii m.

A

Origin: supraglenoid tubercle

Insertion: radial and ulnar tuberosities

Action: flex the cubital joint and extend the humeral joint

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20
Q

Brachialis m.

A

Origin: brachial groove of humerus

Insertion: proximal radius and ulna

Action: flex the cubital joint

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21
Q

Triceps brachii m.

(long, lateral, medial and accessory heads)

A

Origin: caudal border of scapula (long head); proximal humerus (other heads)

Insertion: tuber olecrani

Action: extend the cubital joint (all heads); flex the humeral joint (long head)

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22
Q

Tensor fasciae antebrachii m.

A

Origin: latissimus dorsi and associated fascia

Insetion: tuber olecrani

Action: extend the cubital joint

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23
Q

Extensor carpi radialis m.

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: dorsal base of second and third metacarpal bones

Action: extend the carpal joints

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24
Q

Common digital extensor m.

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: extensor processes of the distal phalanges

Action: extend the carpal and digital joints

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25
Lateral digital extensor m.
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: distal phalanges of lateral digit(s) Action: extend the carpal and digital joints of the lateral-most digits
26
Ulnaris lateralis m.
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: accessory carpal bone and lateral base of 5th metacarpal bone Action: flex the carpal joints; abduct the manus
27
Supinator m.
ID only
28
Abductor pollicis longus.
ID only
29
Brachioradialis m.
Not visible on most specimens. Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: fascia near the carpus Action: flexes the cubital joint and supinates the manus
30
Flexor carpi radialis m.
Origin: medical epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: palmar base of metacarpal bones 2 and 3 Action: flex the carpal joints
31
Flexor carpi ulnaris m.
Origin: medial epicondyle **and olecrenon** Insertion: accessory carpal bone Action: flex the carpal joint **(humeral and ulnar heads!)**
32
Superficial digital flexor m.
Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: middle phalanges of the digits (palmar aspects) Action: flex the carpal joints, metacarpophalangeal, and proximal interphalangeal joints
33
Deep digital flexor m.
Origin: **humerus (medial epicondyle), radius, ulna** Insertion: **flexor tubercules** of distal phalanges Action: flex the carpal and distal joints
34
Pronator teres m.
Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: medial body of radius Action: weak elbow flexion and weak pronation of the manus
35
Pronator quadratus m.
Attachments: apposed surfaces of the radius and the ulna Action: pronation of the manus
36
Interossei muscles (assocaited with proximal sesamoid bones)
Origin: **palmar base** of respective **metacarpal bone** Insertion: **palmar base** of respective **proximal phalanx** (& tendon of common digital extensor dorsally) Action: flexes and supports metacarpophalangeal joint
37
Tensor fasciae latae m.
Origin: tuber coxae Insertion: fascia lata Action: tense the fascia lata (flex the coxal joint and extend the genual joint)
38
Superficial gluteal m.
Origin: _sacrotuberous ligament_ Insertion: **third trochanter of the femur** Action: abduct the limb
39
Middle gluteal m.
Origin: gluteal surface of the ilium Insertion: greater trochanter of the femur Action: extend the coxal joint; abduct the limb; rotate pelvic limb medially
40
Piriformis m.
Origin: sacrum and first caudal vertebra Insertion: greater trochanter Action: extend the coxal joint
41
Deep gluteal m.
Origin: body of the ilium and ischiatic spine Insertion: greater trochanter (deep to the middle gluteal m.) Action: abduct the limb and extend the coxal joint
42
Articularis coxae m.
ID only surgical landmark
43
External obturator m.
Origin: ventral aspect of os coxae around obturator foramen Insertion: **trochanteric fossa** (of femur) Action: adduct and/or rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint
44
Gemelli m.
Origin: lateral aspect of ischium Insertion: **trochanteric fossa** Action: rotate the limb laterally (tendon of the internal obturator splits it)
45
Quadratus femoris m.
Origin: ventral aspect of ischium Insertion: caudal femur near the trochanteric fossa Action: extend coxal joint; adduct and/or rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint
46
Biceps femoris m. BiTe GG SDF
Origin: ischiatic tuberosity and _sacrotuberous ligament_ Insertion: patella, tibia, and tuber calcanei Action: extend the coxal joint; variable action on the genual joint; extend the tarsocrual joint
47
Semitendinosus m. BiTe GG SDF
Origin: ischiatic tuberosity Insertion: tibia and tuber calcanei Action: extend the coxal joint; variable action on the genual joint; extend the tarsocrural joint
48
Semimembranosus m.
Origin: ischiatic tuberosity Insertion: distal femur and proximal tibia Action: extend coxal joint; variable action on the genual joint
49
Sartorius m. (cranial and caudal bellies)
Origin: crest of ilium Insertion: medial aspect of the genual region Action: flex the coxal joint; extend (cr.) or flex (cd.) the genual joint
50
Gracilis m. BiTe GG SDF
Origin: pelvic symphysis Insertion: medial aspect of the genual region Action: adduct the limb, extend the coxal joint; flex the genual joint; extend the tarsocrural joint
51
Pectineus m.
Origin: iliopubic eminence Insertion: distal body of femur Action: adduct the limb
52
Adductor m.
Origin: ventral surface of os coxae Insertion: caudal surface of femur Action: adduct the limb and extend the coxal joint
53
Quadriceps femoris m. (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis)
Origin: rectus femoris - ilium; other 3 heads - proximal femur Inserion: tibial tuberosity Action: flex the coxal joint (rectus femoris); extend the genual joint (all heads)
54
Illiopsoas m.
Origin: ilium and lumbar vertebrae Insertion: lesser trochanter Action: flex the coxal joint
55
Cranial tibial m.
Origin: lateral aspect of proximal tibia Insertion: plantar base of metarsal bones 1 and 2 Action: flex the tarsocrural joint and rotate paw laterally
56
Long digital extensor m. or Fibularis longus m.
Origin: extensor fossa of femur Insertion: extensor process of the distal phalanges Action: extend the genual joint; flex the tarsocrural joint; extend the digital joints
57
Lateral digital extensor m.
Origin: proximal aspect of the fibula Insertion: lateral digits Action: flex the tarsocrural joint; extend the digital joints
58
Peroneus longus m.
Origin: lateral collateral ligament of the genual joint Insertion: 4th tarsal bone and plantar base of metatarsal bones Action: flex the tarsocrural joint
59
Gastrocnemius m. (medial and lateral heads) BiTe GG SDF
Origin: distal caudal femur Insertion: tuber calcanei of the calcaneus Action: flex the genual joint; extend the tarsocrural joint
60
Superficial digital flexor m. BiTe GG SDF
Origin: lateral supracondylar tuberosity of femur Insertion: tuber calcanei and bases of middle phalanges Action: flex the genual joint; extend the tarsocrural joint; flex the metararsophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints
61
Deep digital flexor m.
Origin: proximal caudal aspect of the tibia and fibula Inserion: flexor tubercule of distal phalanges Action: extend the tarsocrural joint; flex the digital joints
62
Popliteus m.
Origin: popliteal fossa of the femur Inserion: proximal caudal aspect of tibia Action: proprioception
63
Interosseous m.
Origin: plantar base of respective metatarsal bone Insterion: plantar base of respective proximal phalanx Action: flexes and suports metatarsophalangeal joint
64
Lymph Nodes
Superficial cervical lymph nodes Popliteal lymph nodes
65
External abdominal oblique m. (caudoventrally)
Origin: last ribs and thoracolumbar fascia Insertion: aproneurosis of linea alba Hypaxial
66
Internal abdominal oblique m.
Origin: thoracolumbar fascia, tuber coxae, inguinal ligament Insertion: aproneurosis of costal arch, rectis abdominis, linea alba, prepubic tendon Hypaxial
67
Rectus abdominis m.
Attachments: pectin of pubis and sternum Action: flex thoracolumbar portion of vertebral column
68
Transversus abdominus m.
Origin: last ribs, trasverse process of lumbar vertebrae by thoracolumbar fascia Insertion: aproneurosis of lineal alba and prepubic tendon
69
Longus capitis m.
Origin: transverse process of cervial vertebrae Insertion: basioccipital bone of skull
70
Longus colli m.
Attachments: 6th thoracic vertebrae and atlas
71
Scalenus m.
Attachment: 1st few ribs and cervical vertebrae Action: inspiration
72
Serratus dorsalis cranialis m.
Origin: aproneurosis deep to rhomboideus Insertion: cranial lateral surface of ribs Action: lifts ribs for inspiration (caudoventral)
73
Serratus dorsalis caudalis m.
Origin: aproneurosis of thracolumbar fascia Insertion: caudal borders of last 3 ribs Action: drawing the last 3 ribs for expiration (cranioventral)
74
External intercostal rib m.
Draw ribs together (caudoventral)
75
Internal intercostal rib m.
Draw ribs together (cranioventral)
76
Iliocostalis system
Wing of ilium to ribs
77
Longissimus system
Ilium to head
78
Transversospinalis system
Sacrum to head
79
Splenius
Part of the transversospinalis system
80
Semispinalis capitis m.
Part of the transversospinalis system Biventer cervicis Complexus Epaxial

AP 700 - Gross Anatomy I (8 decks)

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