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Muscles Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

Temporalis

A

Origin: temporal fossa
Insertion: coronoid process of mandible
Action: elevates mandible

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2
Q

Occipitalis

A

Origin: lateral 2/3 of superior nuchal line external protuberance
Insertion: galea aponeurosis
Action: draws back the scalp to raise eyebrows and wrinkle the brow

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3
Q

Frontalis

A

Origin: frontal bone
Insertion: skin of the eyebrows
Action: wrinkle eyebrows, forehead elevation, raise eyebrows

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4
Q

Masseter

A

Origin: zygomatic process and its arch
Insertion: angle and ramus of mandible
Action: bilateral- elevates mandible
unilateral- laterally moves mandible

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5
Q

Buccinator

A

Origin: molar region of maxilla and mandible
Insertion: orbicularis oris muscle
Action: draw corners of mouth laterally (whistling muscle)

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6
Q

Orbicularis Oris

A

Origin: maxilla and mandible
Insertion: encircles mouth
Action: closes mouth (kissing muscle)

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7
Q

Medial Pterygoid

A

Origin: medial surface of lateral Pterygoid plate of sphenoid palatine bone Pterygoid fossa
Insertion: inner surface of mandibular ramus and angle
Action: elevates mandible, protrudes mandible with lateral pterygoid

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8
Q

Lateral Pterygoid

A

Origin: superior head- lateral surface of sphenoid greater wing
Inferior head- lateral surface of the lateral Pterygoid plate
Insertion: neck of the mandibular consuls, TMJ articular disc
Action: unilateral- deviates mandible opposite of attraction
Bilateral- depresses mandible

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9
Q

Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)

A

Origin: anterior and superior manubrium and superior medial third of clavicle
Insertion: lateral aspect of mastoid process and anterior half of superior nuchal line
Action: unilateral- flexes head same side, rotates head opposite side
bilateral- flexes neck

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10
Q

Anterior Scalene

A

Origin: C3 to C6 transverse processes
Insertion: 1st ribs
Action: unilateral- flexes head same side, rotates head opposite side
bilateral- elevates ribs, flexes head

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11
Q

Medial scalene

A

Origin: C2 to C7 transverse processes
Insertion: 1st ribs
Action: unilateral- flexes head same side, rotates head opposite side
bilateral- elevated ribs

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12
Q

Posterior scalene

A

Origin: C4 to C6 transverse processes
Insertion: 2nd ribs
Action: unilateral- flexes head same side, rotates head opposite side
bilateral- elevated ribs

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13
Q

Splenius capitus

A

Origin: C7 to T3 spinous process and nuchal ligament
Insertion: superior nuchal line and mastoid process
Action: unilateral- rotates head same side, flexes neck
bilateral- extends head

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14
Q

Splenius cervicus

A

Origin: T3-T6 spinous processes
Insertion: C1-C3 transverse processes
Action: unilateral- rotates head to same side, laterally flexes neck
bilateral- extends head

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15
Q

Levator Scapulae

A

Origin: C1 to C4 transverse processes
Insertion: superior angle of scapula
Action: unilateral- elevates, downwardly rotates scapula, laterally flexes neck
bilateral: extends head

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16
Q

Erector Spinae Group

A

Spinalis (most medial)
Longissimus (middle)
Illiocostalis (most lateral)

Action: unilateral- lateral flexion of spine
bilateral- extension of spine

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17
Q

Transversospinalis Group

A

Multifidi
Rotatores
Semispinalis capitus

Deep to erector spinae group

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18
Q

Multifidus

A

Origin: transverse process of one vertebrae
Insertion: sacrum and spinous process of all vertebrae extending 2-4 higher
Action: bilateral- extends vertebral column
unilateral- rotate to opposite side, flex to same side

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19
Q

Rotatores

A

Origin: transverse process of one vertebra
Insertion: spinous process of vertebra 1-2 above origin
Action: unilateral- rotate to opposite side
bilateral- extension

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20
Q

Semispinalis capitus

A

Origin: transverse process of C4 to T5
Insertion: between superior and inferior nuchal lines of occipital bone
Action: extend vertebral column

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21
Q

Intercostal Muscles

A

External
Internal
Innermost

Action: elevation and depression of ribs during breathing

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22
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

Origin: clavicular head- medial half of clavicle
sternum head- sternum, upper costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external obliques
Insertion: lateral lip of intertubercular groove and crest of greater tubercle of humerus
Action: clavicular- flex arm
sternal- extends arm
both- medially rotate and adduct arm

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23
Q

Pectoralis Minor

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A

Origin: ribs 3-5 near costal cartilage
Insertion: medial border and superior surface of corocoid process of scapula
Action: stabilizes scapula, pulls it inferior and anterior against posterior rib cage

24
Q

Abdominal Group

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A

Rectus abdominis
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transverse abdominis

25
Rectus abdominis
Origin: pubic crest and symphysis Insertion: ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process Action: trunk flexion, accessory respiratory muscle
26
External obliques
Origin: lower 8 ribs at costal cartilages Insertion: crest of ilium, linea alba through rectus sheath Action: unilateral- flex vertebral column to opposite side bilateral- flexes spine
27
Internal obliques
Origin: inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia Insertion: internal surfaces of lower 3 ribs, linea alba, abdominal aponeurosis Action: unilateral- lateral flexion to same side bilateral- flexes spine
28
Transverse abdominis
Origin: cartilage of lower 6 ribs, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament Insertion: linea alba through rectus sheath, pubic symphysis and xiphoid process Action: compresses abdominal viscera
29
Diaphragm
Origin: inner surface of ribs 7-12, L2 and L3, inner xiphoid process Insertion: central tendon Action: inhale- flattens exhale- domes back upward
30
Trapezius
Origin: occipital bone, nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7-T12 Insertion: Lateral third of clavicle, acromian, spine of scapula Action: upper- bilaterally extends neck; unilaterally flexes neck same side, rotates head opposite side, elevates and upwardly rotates scapula Middle- adducts and stabilizes scapula lower- depresses amd upwardly rotates scapula
31
Rhomboid Minor
Origin: spinous processes of C7-T1, lower part of nuchal ligament Insertion: medial margin of the scapula at the root of the spine Action: adducts, elevates, rotates scapula
32
Rhomboid Major
Origin: spinous processes of T2-T5 Insertion: medial margin of scapula between spine and inferior angle Action: retracts, elevates, and downwardly rotates scapula
33
Latissimus Dorsi
Origin: T6-T12, last 3-4 ribs, posterior iliac crest and thoracolumbar aponeurosis Insertion: intertubercle groove and crest of lesser tubercle of humorus Action: extension of trunk, adduction and internal rotation at the shoulder
34
Serratus Anterior
Origin: upper anterior surface of ribs 1-8 Insertion: costal aspect of medial border scapula Action: protract and stabilize scapula, assist in upward rotaion
35
Serratus Posterior
deep back muscles, located in upper and lower parts of the back
36
Supraspinatus
Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus Action: abduct shoulder to 45°, stabilize humerus in glenoid fossa DOES NOT ROTATE
37
Infraspinatus
Origin: Infraspinatus fossa of scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus Action: external rotation, adduction, extension, horizontal abduction, stabilize humerus in glenoid fossa
38
Teres Minor
Origin: upper 2/3 of lateral border of scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus Action: external rotation, adduction, extension, horizontal abduction, stabilize humerus in glenoid fossa
39
Subscapularus
Origin: subscapular fossa of scapula Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus Action: internal rotation, stabilize humerus in glenoid fossa
40
Deltoid (anterior)
Origin: outer 1/3 of clavicle Insertion: deltoid tuberosity Action: flexion, internal rotation, horizontal adduction
41
Deltoid (medial)
Origin: boarder of acromion Insertion: deltoid tuberosity Action: abduction
42
Deltoid (posterior)
Origin: scapular spine Insertion: deltoid tuberosity Action: extension, external rotation, horizontal abduction
43
Teres Major
Origin: inferior angle and lower 1/2 of lateral border of scapula Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus Action: adduction, internal rotation, extension
44
Biceps Brachii
Origin: short head- coracoid process Long head- supraglenoid tubercle Insertion: tuberosity of the radius and aponeurosis of biceps brachii Action: elbow flexion, forearm supination, shoulder flexion
45
Triceps Brachii
Origin: long head- infraglenoid tubercle Lateral head- posterior surface of proximal half of humerus Medial head- posterior surface of distal half of humerus Insertion: olecranon process of radius Action: elbow extension, shoulder extension and adduction
46
Coracobrachialis
Origin: coracoid process Insertion: medial surface of humerus Action: shoulder flexion and adduction
47
Brachialis
Origin: lower half of humerus on anterior side Insertion: coranoid process of ulna Action: elbow flexion in all positions
48
Brachioradialis
Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Insertion: radial styloid process Action: elbow flexion when thumb is pointed up (hammer muscle)
49
Anconeus
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: layers aspect of olecranon process Action: elbow extension
50
Pronator Quadratus
Origin: anterior surface of distal ulna Insertion: anterior surface of distal radius Action: pronation
51
Pronator Teres
Origin: distal humerus on medial side and proximal ulna Insertion: middle of the lateral surface of the radius Action: forearm pronation, elbow flexion
52
Supinator
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus, Supinator crest of ulna Insertion: superior and lateral radius Action: supination
53
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: anterior base of second metacarpal Action: wrist flexion and abduction
54
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Origin: medial epicondyle of ulna and medial margin of olecranon Insertion: pisiform, hamate, base of fifth metacarpal Action: wrist flexion and adduction
55
Palmaris Longus
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: palmar aponeurosis, flexor retinaculum of the hand Action: wrist flexion

Anatomy (7 decks)

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