Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

(116 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the two regions of the Epicranius?

A

Occipitofrontalis and Galea aponeurotica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the action of the frontal belly of Occipitofrontalis?

A

Elevates the eyebrows, wrinkles skin of forehead, and protracts scalp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the action of the occipital belly of occipitofrontalis?

A

Retracts the scalp slightly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the action of the Orbicularis Oris?

A

closes lips, puckers (kissing), sucking on a straw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the action of the Platysma?

A

Pulls lower lip inferiorly, tenses skin of neck, depresses mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the action of the Digastric?

A

Depresses mandible, elevates hyoid bone. Two bellies joined by a tendon that attaches to hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the action of the Buccinator?

A

Trumpeter muscle! Compresses cheeks, holds food between teeth during chewing, aids in sucking and blowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the action of the Temporalis?

A

Elevates and retracts the mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the three Muscles of Mastication?

A

Temporalis, Masseter, Medial and Lateral Pterygoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the action of the Masseter?

A

Prime mover of jaw closure! The chewer! Elevates and protracts the mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the action of the Medial and Lateral Pterygoids?

A

Grinder! Elevates and protracts mandible. Allows lateral movement of the mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the action of the Sternocleidomastoid when one side contracts?

A

lateral flexion turns neck and head to opposite side. rotates the atlantoaxial joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the action of the of the Sternocleidomastoid when both sides contract?

A

Flexion pulls head forward and down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the action of the Diaphram?

A

Inhalation! contracts and flattens diaphragm to pull lung inferiorly and compresses abdominopelvic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the action of the External Oblique?

A

contract and compress the abdomen and flex the vertebral column. When one side contracts, it results in lateral trunk flexion and rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the action of the Internal Oblique?

A

contract and compress the abdomen and flex the vertebral column. When one side contracts, it results in lateral trunk flexion and rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What type of muscles are the external and internal obliques?

A

synergistic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the action of the Transverse Abdominis?

A

the body’s natural back brace! compresses abdomen and supports the spine while lifting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the action of the Rectus Abdominis?

A

Flexes vertebral column and compresses the abdominal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the action of the Pectoralis Minor?

A

protracts and depresses scapula (contracted when hunched over)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the action of the Serratus Anterior?

A

Prime mover in scapular protraction, stabilizes and superiorly rotates scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the action of the Pectoralis Major?

A

Prime mover of arm flexion! adducts and medially rotates arm and glenohumeral joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the action of the Anterior fibers of the Deltoid?

A

flex and medially rotate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the action of the Lateral/Middle fibers of the Deltoid?

A

prime abductors of brachium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the action of the Posterior fibers of the Deltoid?
extend and laterally rotate
26
What is the action of the Biceps Brachii?
flexes cubitus, powerful supinator of antebrachium at cubitus. Long head weakly flexes the glenohumeral joint
27
What is the action of the Brachialis?
flexes cubitus
28
What is the action of the Brachioradialis?
Flexes cubitus. Also involved in both pronation and supination, depending on the position of the forearm
29
What is the action of the Sartorius?
Flexes acetabulafemoral joint and laterally rotates femoral region. Flexes tibiofemoral joint and medially rotates crural region. The hacky sack muscle!
30
What is the longest muscle in the body?
the Sartorius
31
What is the action of the Gracillis?
Adducts and flexes femoral region at acetabulofemoral joint, flexes crural region at tibiofemoral joint
32
What is the action of the Tensor Fascia Latae?
Abducts and medially rotates femoral region at acetabulofemoral joint?
33
What is the action of the the four quadricep muscles?
Extends leg at tibiofemoral joint?
34
What is the action applying specifically to the Rectus Femoris quadricep muscle?
flexes femoral region
35
What four muscles make up the quadricep?
Rectus Femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermedius
36
What is the action of the Tibialis Anterior?
Primary dorsiflexor of the foot (inverts the foot)
37
What is the action of the Extensor digitorum longus?
dorsiflexion of the foot, extends toes 2-5
38
What is the action of the Fibularis Longus?
Plantar flexes and everts foot at talocrural region?
39
What muscle is antagonistic to the Tibialis Anterior?
the Fibularis Longus
40
What is the origin of the Temporalis?
Superior and inferior portion of temporal bone
41
What is the origin of the Masseter?
Zygomatic Arch
42
What is the origin of the Sternocleidomastoid?
Manubrium and sternal ends of clavicles
43
What is the origin of the Diaphragm?
Inferior internal surface of lower ribs, xiphoid process of sternum, costal cartilage of inferior ribs, and lumbar vertebra
44
What is the origin of the Rectus Abdominis?
Superior surface of pubis near symphysis
45
What is the origin of the Pectoralis Major?
Medial clavicle, costal cartilages of upper ribs, body of sternum
46
What is the origin of the Deltoid?
Acromial end of clavicle, the acromion and spine of scapula
47
What is the origin of the Biceps Brachii Long Head?
Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
48
What is the origin of the Biceps Brachii Short Head?
Coracoid process of scapula
49
What is the origin of the Brachioradialis?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
50
What is the origin of the Triceps brachii Long Head?
Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
51
What is the origin of the Triceps brachii Lateral head?
Posterior humerus above radial groove
52
What is the origin of the Triceps brachii Medial head?
posterior humerus below radial groove
53
What is the origin of the Sartorius?
Anterior superior iliac spine
54
What is the origin of the Tensor Fascia Latae?
Iliac crest and lateral surface of anterior superior iliac spine
55
What is the origin of the Rectus Femoris?
Anterior inferior iliac spine
56
What is the origin of the Vastus Lateralis?
Greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur
57
What is the origin of the Vastus Medialis?
Intertrochanteric line and linea aspera of femur
58
What is the origin of the Vastus Intermedius?
Anterior and lateral surface of femur
59
What is the insertion of the Temporalis?
Coronoid process of mandible
60
What is the insertion of the Masseter?
lateral surface and angle of mandible, lateral surface of coronoid process
61
What is the insertion of the Sternocleidomastoid?
Mastoid process of the temporal bone
62
What is the insertion of the Diaphragm?
the central tendon
63
What is the insertion of the Rectus Abdominis?
Xiphoid process, inferior surface of middle ribs
64
What is the insertion of the Pectoralis Major?
Lateral part of intertubercular groove of the humerus
65
What is the insertion of the Deltoid?
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
66
What is the insertion of the Biceps Brachii?
Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
67
What is the insertion of the Brachioradialis?
Styloid process of radius
68
What is the insertion of the Triceps brachii?
Olecranon of ulna
69
What is the insertion of the Sartorius?
medial side of tibial tuberosity - part of the pens anserine!
70
What is the insertion of the Tensor Fascia Latae?
Iliotibial Tract
71
What is the insertion of all four quadriceps muscles?
Quadriceps tendon to patella, then patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
72
What is the action of the Splenius Capitis/Semispinalis?
Both contracted: extends and hyperextends One side contracted: unilateral contractions turn head and neck to the same side
73
What is the action of the Erector Spinae?
Both sides contracted: extend vertebral column One side contracted: flex vertebral column laterally toward that same side
74
What is the action of the Transversospinalis?
Both sides contracted: extend vertebral column One side contracted: flex vertebral column laterally toward that same side
75
What is the action of the External Intercostals?
Restful breathing: Elevates ribs up and out Exhalation: muscles relax allowing elastic recoil of lung tissue
76
What is the action of the Internal Intercostals?
Forceful exhalation! depresses ribs. needed in coughing and sneezing
77
What is the action of the Rhomboid Major and Rhomboid Minor?
Retracts (adducts) and elevates scapula; inferiorly rotates scapula
78
What is the action of the Trapezius?
Elevates and adducts the scapula, extends neck
79
What is the action of the Latissimus Dorsi?
Swimmers muscle! Prime mover of arm extension! Adducts humerus inferiorly and posteriorly while rotating medially
80
What muscle is the swimmers muscle and prime mover of arm extension?
Latissimus Dorsi?
81
What is the origin of Trapezius?
Occipital bone, Ligamentum nuchae, and spinous processes of C7-T12
82
What is the origin of Latissimus Dorsi?
Spinous processes of T7-T12, lower ribs, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
83
What is the insertion of Trapezius?
Clavicle, acromion process, and spine of scapula
84
What is the insertion of Latissimus Dorsi?
Intertubercular groove of humerus
85
What is the action of the Supraspinatus?
Abducts brachium at glenohumeral joint
86
What is the action of the Infraspinatus/Teres Minor?
Adducts and laterally rotates the glenohumeral joint
87
What is the action of the Teres Major?
Brachium extension, adducts humerus inferior and posterior while rotating medially
88
What is the action of the Subscapularis?
Medially rotates brachium
89
What is the action of the Triceps Brachii?
Prime extensor of cubitus! Long head also extends the glenohumeral joint
90
What is the origin of the Triceps brachii long head?
Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
91
What is the origin of the Triceps brachii lateral head?
posterior humerus above radial groove
92
What is the origin of the Triceps brachii medial head?
posterior humerus below radial groove
93
What is the insertion of the Tricpes brachii?
olecranon of ulna
94
Hamstrings are antagonistic to what muscles?
Quadriceps
95
What muscles make up the rotator cuff?
SITS! Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Subscapularis
96
What is the action of the Gluteus Maximus and Piriformis?
Chief extensor of femoral region! Extends and rotates femoral region laterally
97
What muscle is the chief extensor of the femoral region?
Gluteus Maximus
98
What is the action of the Iliacus and psoas major?
Strongest flexor of the hip
99
What is the action of the Biceps Femoris?
Extends femoral region and flexes crural and tibiofemoral joint. Also laterally rotates crural.
100
What is the action of the Semitendinosus?
Extends femoral region and flexes crural at tibiofemoral joint. Also medially rotates crural.
101
What is the action of the Semimembranosus?
Extends femoral region and flexes crural and tibiofemoral joint. Also medially rotates crural.
102
What are the hamstring muscles?
Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus
103
What is the action of the Gastrocnemius?
Plantar flexes foot and flexes tibiofemoral joint
104
What is the action of the Soleus?
Plantar flexes foot at talocrural region
105
What is the origin of the Gluteus maximus and Piriformis?
Iliac Crest, sacrum, and coccyx
106
What is the origin of the Biceps Femoris Long Head?
Ischial tuberosity
107
What is the origin of the Biceps Femoris Short Head?
Linea aspera of femur
108
What is the origin of the semitendinosus?
Ischial tuberosity
109
What is the origin of the semimembranosus?
Ischial tuberosity
110
What is the origin of the Gastrocnemius?
Two heads! Superior posterior lateral and medial condyles of femur
111
What is the insertion of the Gluteus Maximus and Piriformis?
Iliotibial tract, linea aspera of femur, and gluteal tuberosity of femur
112
What is the insertion of the Iliacus and psoas major?
lesser trochanter on the femur
113
What is the insertion of the Biceps Femoris?
Head of fibula
114
What is the insertion of the Semitendinosus?
Medial side of tibial tuberosity
115
What is the insertion of the Semimembranosus?
Posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia
116
What is the insertion of the Gastrocnemius?
Calcaneus via the calcaneal (Achilles) tendon

Anatomy (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions