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Summer Dog Anatomy > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

(77 cards)

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1
Q

cutaneus trunci m.

A

Attaches: skin, fascia of the axilla

Action: twitch the skin

Location: thoracic region caudal to the forelimb

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2
Q

Extrinsic muscles of the forelimb

A

brachiocephalicus m., trapezius m., rhomboideus m., omotransversarius m., superficial pectoral m., deep pectoral m., latissimus dorsi m., serratus ventralis m.,

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3
Q

brachiocephalicus m.

A

Attachments: caudoventral surface of the skull (mastoid process), cranial half of the dorsal midline of the neck, cranial border of the distal humerus

Action: 1 m. pull head to side, both m. arch neck, limbs not fixed pull limb(s) cranially

Special: contains the vestigial clavical in clavicular tendon

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4
Q

trapezius m.

A

Origin: dorsal midline from 3rd cervical vert to 9th thoracic vert

Insertion: spine of the scapula via aponeurosis (also separates the cervical and thoracic parts)

Action: elevate the limb

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5
Q

rhomboideus m.

A

Origin: caudal surface of skull, dorsal midline of neck to 7th thoracic vert

Insertion: dorsal border of scapula

Action: elevate limb, pull dorsal scapula proximally

Location: deep to trapezius

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6
Q

omotransversarius m.

A

Attachments: distal end of s.o.s, wing of atlas
Action: limb fixed pull neck and head to side or ventrally, pull limb cranially
Special: superficial cervical lymph node(s) on deep side

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7
Q

superficial pectoral m.

A

Origin: cranial sternum

Insertion: crest of the greater tubercle of humerus

Action: adduct the limb

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8
Q

deep pectoral m.

A

Origin: sternum
Insertion: lesser and greater tubercles of humerus
Action: adduct limb, pull limb caudally, extend and flex shoulder jt, pull body cranially when limb bears weight

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9
Q

latissimus dorsi m.

A

Origin: spinous processes of thoracic and 1st few lumbar verts via thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: teres major tuberosity
Action: pull limb caudally, flex shoulder, pull body cranially if limb fixed
Location: deep to cutaneus trunci, cover most of dorsolateral surface of thorax

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10
Q

serratus ventralis m.

A

Origin: last 5 cervical verts and 1st 7-8 ribs
Insertion: serrated face of the scapula
Action: support and elevate the trunk

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11
Q

Lateral muscles of shoulder

A

m.: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, deltoideus, teres minor

Actions: Lateral stabilization of shoulder jt., flex shoulder jt., (supraspinatus extends shoulder jt.)

Innervation: suprascapular n., axillary n.

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12
Q

Medial muscles of shoulder

A

M.: subscapularis, teres major, coracovrachialis

Actions: Medial stabilization of shoulder jt., flex shoulder jt., adduct limb

Innervation: Subscapular n., axillary n., musculocutaneous n.

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13
Q

Cranial muscles of the arm

A

M.: Biceps brachii, brachialis

Actions: Flex elbow jt., (biceps brachii extends the shoulder jt.)

N.: musculocutaneous

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14
Q

Caudal muscles of the arm

A

M.: tensor fascia antebrachii, triceps brachii, anconeus

Action: Extend elbow jt.

N.: radial

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15
Q

Craniolateral muscles of forearm

A

M.: extensor carpi radialis, common digital extensor, lateral digital extensor, ulnaris lateralis, abductor pollicis longus, supinator.

Action: Extend carpal and digital jts. Ulnaris lateralis flexes the carpal jts.

N.: median, ulnar

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16
Q

Caudomedial muscles of forearm

A

M.: flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis, supericial digital flexor, deep digital flexor, pronator.

Action: Flex carpal and digital jts.

N.: Median, ulnar

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17
Q

supraspinatus m.

A

Origin: supraspinous fossa of the scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: ext shoulder jt, act as lat collat lig
Location: cranial to s.o.s. overlaps cranial border of scapula and subscapularis m. crosses lat of shoulder jt.

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18
Q

Deltoideus m.

A

Origin: spine and acromion of scapula
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity
Action: flex shoulder jt.
Special: 2 parts the distal (acromial) part fuses w/ spinous part

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19
Q

Infraspinatus m.

A

Origin: infraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: lat surface of greater tubercle of the humerus
Action: flex shoulder jt. act as lat collat lig
Special: bursa between tendon and greater tubercle of humerus

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20
Q

Subscapularis m.

A

Origin: subscapular fossa of scapula
Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus
Action: act as med collat lig, adduct limb at shoulder jt

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21
Q

Teres major m.

A

Origin: proximal portion of caudal border of scapula
Insertion: teres major tuberosity of humerus via common tendon w/ latissimus dorsi m.
Action: flex the shoulder jt.

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22
Q

biceps brachii m.

A

Origin: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Insertion: medial aspect of proximal radius and ulna w/ tendon of brachialis m.
Action: flex elbow jt, ext shoulder jt.
Special: 1 head in domestics, tendon has a tendon sheath and is held by transverse humeral retinaculum

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23
Q

Brachialis m.

A

Origin: proximal part of lat humerus
Insertion: medial aspect of proximal radius and ulna w/ biceps brachii m.
Action: flex elbow jt.

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24
Q

Tensor fascia antebrachii m.

A

Origin: fascia on lat surface of latissimus dorsi
Insertion: olecranon
Action: ext elbow jt

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25
Triceps brachii m.
Origins: long head- caudal border of scapula distal to teres major, lat head- tricipitall line, med head- crest of lesser tubercle, accessory head- neck of humerus Insertion: tuber olecrani Action: long head flexes shoulder jt, all heads extend elbow jt Special: 4 heads in carnivores
26
cephalic vein
lies in superficial fascia on cranial surface of antebrachium
27
Extensor carpi radialis m.
Origin: lat epicondyle of humerus Insertion: dorsal of proximal extremity of 2&3 metacarpal bones Action: ext carpal jt
28
Common digital extensor m.
Origin: lat epicondyle of humerus Insertion: ext processes of distal phalanges 2-5 Action: ext carpal and digital jts
29
lateral digital extensor m.
Origin: lat epicondyle of humerus Insertion: extersor processes of distal phalanges of 3-5, minors of prox &/or mid phalanges 3-5 Action: ext carpal jts and digital jts 3-5
30
ulnaris lateralis m.
Origin: lat epicondyle of humerus Insertion: proximal end of 5 metacarpal bone, accessory carpal bone Action: flex carpal jts, abduct the manus at carpal jts
31
supinator m.
Origin: lat epicondyle of humerus Insertion: cranial border of radius Action: supinate antebrachium and manus
32
abductor pollicis m.
Origin: mid 1/3 of lat border of ulna and adjacent interosseous membrane Insertion: prox end of 1st metacarpal bone Action: ext carpal jts, abduct 1st digit Nother name: extensor carpi obliquus m.
33
pronator teres
Origin: med epicondyle of humerus Insertion: prox 1/3 med border of radius Action: pronate antebrachium and manus
34
Flexor carpi radialis m.
Origin: med epicondyle of humerus Insertion: palmar or prox ends of 2&3 metacarpal bones Action: flex carpal jts Special: held by the flexor retinaculum over carpus
35
flexor carpi ulnaris m.
Origin: med epicondyle of humerus, caudomedial surface of olecranon of ulna Insertion: accessory carpal bone w/ tendon of ulnaris lateralis Action: flex the carpal jts
36
superficial digital flexor m. Of the forearm
Origin: med epicondyle of humerus Insertion: palmar or proximal of mid phalanx of 2-5 Action: flex carpal jts, flex metacarpophalangeal jts, proximal interphalangeal jts or 2-5
37
flexor carpi ulnaris m.
Origin: humeral- med epicondyle humerus, ulnar- caudomedial olecranon Insertion: accessory carpal bn Action: flex carpal jts
38
deep digital flexor m.
Origin: humeral- med epicondyle humerus, radial- med border radius, ulnar- caudal border ulna Insertion: flexor tubercle distal phalanx digits 1-5 Action: flex carpal jts and digits 1-5
39
pronator quadratus m.
Origin: radius surface opposed to ulna Insertion: ulna surface opposed to radius Action: pronate manus
40
Interosseus m.
Origin: palmar, base metacarpals 2-5 Insertion: Axial&abaxial base proximal phalanx digits 2-5 Action: Support metacarpophalangeal jt, flex metocarpophalangeal jts 2-5, prevent hyperextension
41
Rump (Lat pelvis) mm.
mm.: superficial gluteal, middle gluteal, deep gluteal, piriformis, tensor fasciae latae Actions: ext hip jt, rotate limb medially nn.: cranial gluteal, caudal gluteal
42
Caudal mm. of thigh
mm.: biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus Actions: ext hip jt, flex stifle jt (ext when WB), ext tarsal jts (except semimembranous) nn.: sciatic
43
Medial mm. of thigh
mm.: sartorius, pectineus, gracilis, adductor Action: adduct limb, sartorius flex hip jt and variable on stifle nn.: obturator, femoral for sartorius
44
Cranial mm. of thigh
mm.: quadriceps femoris, iliopsoas Action: ext stifle jt. (tensor fasciae lata & rectus femoris flex hip jt)
45
Craniolateral mm. of crus
mm.: cranial tibial, long digitalextensor, peroneus longus, lateral digital extensor, peroneus brevis Action: ext tarsal jts, flex digital jts nn.: common peroneal
46
Caudal mm. of the crus
mm.: gastrocnemius, superficial digital flexor, deep digital flexor, popliteus Action: ext tarsal jts, flex digital jts nn.: tibial
47
Tensor fascia latae m.
Origin: tuber coxae Insertion: fascia lata Action: flex hip jt, ext stifle jt.
48
Superficial gluteal m.
Origin: Sacrotuberous lig, cranial dorsal iliac spine Insertion: 3rd trochanter femur Action: Ext hip jt, abduct pelvic limb
49
Middle gluteal m.
Origin: crest & gluteal surace ilium, piriformis head- sacrum Insertion: greater trochanter femur Action: ext hip jt, rotate limb medially, abduct pelvic limb
50
Deep gluteal m.
Origin: body ilium, ischiatic spine Insertion: greater trochanter femur Action: ext hip jt, rotate limb medially
51
External obturator m.
Origin: ventral ischium & pubis around obturator foramen Insertion: trochanteric fossa Action: rotate pelvic limb laterally, adduct pelvic limb
52
Internal obturator m.
Origin: dorsal to ischium & pubis around obturator foramen Insertion: trachanteric fossa Action: rotate pelvic limb laterally
53
gemelli m.
Origin: lateral ischium Insertion: trochanteric ossa Action: rotate pelvic limb laterally
54
Quadratus femoris m.
Origin: ventral ischium Insertion: intertrochanteric crest Action: rotate pelvic limb laterally, ext hip jt.
55
Caudal hip mm.
Origin: ventral & dorsal ischium & pubis around obturator foramen Insertion: trochanteric fossa (intertrochanteric crest) Action: rotate pelvic limb laterally, ext hip jt.
56
Iliopsoas m.
Origin: psoas mj- ventral lumbar vert, iliacus- ilium Insertion: lesser trochanter femur Action: flex hip jt
57
Quadriceps femoris m.
Origin: rectus femoris- ilium(tuberosity for RF), V. lateralis- prxml femur(lat lip), V. intermedius- prxml femur(lat aspect), V. medialis- prxml femur(med lip) Insertion: tibial tuberosity Action: Ext stifle jt, rectus femoris- flex hip jt. Special: tendon contains the patella
58
Sartorius m.
Origin: cranial- crest of ilium, caudal- cranioventral iliac spine Insertion: cranial- patella, caudal- cranial berder tibia Action: flex hip, cranial- ext stifle jt, caudal- flex stifle jt.
59
Gracilis m.
Origin: pelvis symphysis via symphysial tdn Insertion: cranial berder tibia, tuver calcanei Action: adduct pelvic limb, ext hip & tarsal jts, flex stifle jt.
60
Pectineus m.
Origin: iliopubic eminence, pubic tubercle Insertion: distal, med lip femur, caudal rough surface femur Action: adduct pelvic limb
61
Adductor m.
Origin: pelvis symphysis via symphysial tdn, ventral ischium & pubis Insertion: caudal femur lateral lip Action: adduct pelvic limb, ext hip jt.
62
Biceps femoris m.
Origin: sacrotuberous lig, ischiatic tuberosityu Insertion: patella & patellar lig, cranial border tibia, tuber calcanei Action: ext hip jt, ext or flex stifle jt, ext tarsal jts, abduct limb Special: Deep to this muscle are the caudal crural abductor, sciatic nerve, & caudally popliteal lymph node
63
Semitendinosus m.
Origin: ischiatic tuberosity Insertion: distal cranial tibia, tuber calcanei Action: ext hip jt, ext or flex stifle jt, ext tarsal jts.
64
Semimembranosus m.
Origin: ischiatic tuberosity Insertion: distal femur medial lip, proximal tibia medial tibial condyle Action: ext hip jt, ext or flex stifle jt.
65
Cranial tibial m.
Origin: extensor groove femur Insertion: plantar base metatarsals 1,2 Action: flex tarsal jts
66
Long digital extensor m.
Origin: extensor fossa femur Insertion: extensor process distal phalanges 2-5 Action: flex tarsal jts, extend digital jts 2-5
67
Fibularis (peroneus) longus m.
Origin: lat tibiall condyle & prxml fibula Insertion: 4th tarsal bn, plantar base 5th metatarsal Action: flex tarsal jts, rotate pex medially
68
Lateral digital extensor m.
Origin: middle fibula Insertion: 5th long digital extensor tendon Action: Minor significance- flex tarsal & ext lateral digital jts
69
Fibularis (peroneus) brevis m.
Origin: distal fibula Insertion: metatarsal 5 Action: minor significance
70
Gastrocnemius m.
Origin: distal caudal femur (med & lat supracondylar tuberosity) Insertion: tuber calcanei Action: ext tarsal jts, aid flexion stifle jt. Special: sesamoid bones (fabella) embedded in tendons of origin
71
Superficial digital flexor m.
Origin: lat supracondylar tuberosity femur Insertion: tuber calcanei, base, mid phalanges 2-5 Action: Ext tarsal jts, flex metatarsophalangeal jts 2-5, flex prxml interphalangeal jts 2-5, minor flex stifle jt.
72
Deep digital flexor m.
Origin: Lat- cd, prxml tibia & fibula, Med-cd, prxml tibia, Caudal tibial- vestigial Insertion: flexor tubercle distal phalnages 1-5 Action: Ext tarsal jts, flex digits 2-5
73
Popliteus m.
Origin: popliteal fossa femur Insertion: caudomedial prxml tibia Action: rotate crus medially, flex stifle jt Special: sesamoid bone embedded where tendon and belly join to redirect path of muscle
74
Interosseus m.
Origin: plantar, base metatarsals 2-5 Insertion: axial & abaxial base proximal phalanx, digits 2-5 via sesmoidean lig Action: support metatarsophalangeal jt, flex metatarophalangeal jts 2-5, prevent hiperextension
75
Lateral saphenous v.
on lateral aspect of crus
76
Crural extensor retinaculum
Distal 1/3 of fibula to medial malleolus of tibia. Thickened band of connective tissue. Binds down tendons of cranial tibial and long digital extensor mm.
77
Common calcanean tendon
Inserts of tuber calcanei. Composed of tendons from gastrocnemius & superficial digital flexor mm. & crural fascia (including biceps femors, semitendinosus, & gracilis mm.) Traumatic injury cause animal to walk w/ entire metatarsus on the ground (plantigrade).

Summer Dog Anatomy (10 decks)

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