Muscles

Question 1

What connect tissue around muscle

Answer 1

Epimysium

Question 2

What connects tissue around fascicles

Answer 2

Perimysium

Question 3

What’s a fascicles

Answer 3

Group of muscle cells

Question 4

What does the endomysium do

Answer 4

Connect tissue around the muscle cell

Question 5

What’s the sarcolemma

Answer 5

It’s muscle cell plasma membrane

Question 6

What are myofibrils made up of

Answer 6

Sarcomeres

Question 7

What is a sarcomere

Answer 7

It is composed of protein filament of myosin and act to function the muscle

Question 8

What are essential ingredients for a muscle to contract

Answer 8

Action potential
Calcium
ATP
ACTIN
Myosin

Question 9

What is the sliding filament theory

Answer 9

Is the explanation for how muscle contact to produce force

Question 10

What are the 3 stages of the sliding filament theory

Answer 10

Creation of cross bridge
Sliding of the filament
Muscle relaxation

Question 11

What’s happens is the creation of the cross bridge stage of sliding filament theory

Answer 11

Thin actin filaments have binding sited where myosin five red want to attach to them

Question 12

What happens in the 2nd stage of the sliding filament theory

Answer 12

Myosin heads swivel and pull actin filaments towards the middle of the sarcomere.
This shortens the whole sarcomere
ATP then bind ps myosin head to detach

then the process repeats as long as there is calcium and ATP available

Question 13

What happens in the muscle relaxation stage of the sliding filament theory

Answer 13

Calcium removed from sarcoplasm
ATP is no longer used by muscle cell
Tropomyosin complex covers the binding sites
Muscle relaxes

Question 14

What are thick filaments

Answer 14

Two proteins strands each folded into a globular head at one end

Question 15

What does thick filaments contain

Answer 15

500 myosin molecules

Question 16

What are thin filaments

Answer 16

Twisted combination of actin Tropomyosin and troponin with one end attached to a Z disk

Question 17

What does the Z disc do?

Answer 17

Separates the sarcomeres

Question 18

What is the M line

Answer 18

Supports proteins holding the thick filaments

Question 19

What’s the H line

Answer 19

Thin filaments but no thick filaments

Question 20

What’s the A line

Answer 20

Thick filaments length

Question 21

What attaches the fascia to the bone

Answer 21

Tendon

Question 22

What’s a unipennate muscle

Answer 22

When all the fibres are on the same side

Question 23

What is a example of unipennate muscle

Answer 23

Ex. Biceps femoris , extensor digitorum long us , tibialis posterior

Question 24

Where is a pennate muscle

Answer 24

Rectus femoris

Question 25

Parallel fibre arrangements are

Answer 25

Fibres arranged parrallel to length of muscle produce a greater ROM. Than similar sized muscles with pennate arrangement

Question 26

What does the myofibrill contain

Answer 26

Actin and myosin filaments

Question 27

Where is the Golgi tendon found

Answer 27

Located proximal to the tendons attachment to the muscle

Question 28

What does a Golgi tendon

Answer 28

Encapsulated sensory organs through which a small bundle of muscle tendon fibres pass

Question 29

What is proprioception

Answer 29

The sense of the relative position of neighbouring parts of the body

Question 30

What is kinesthesia

Answer 30

The sense that detects bodily position ,w eight or movement of the muscles , tendons and joints

Question 31

What's a slow twitch fibre

Answer 31

Motor nerve fibres at a low frequency

Question 32

What's a fast twitch fibre

Answer 32

Motor nerve fibres at high frequency

Question 33

What is depolarisation

Answer 33

It's when the inside of the cell becomes less negative relative to outside and is caused by a chance in the membrane

Question 34

What's pleura

Answer 34

The serous lining of the lungs

Question 35

What does the pleura do

Answer 35

Reduced friction during the repetitive motion from breathing

Question 36

What's boules law

Answer 36

Pressure x volumes is constant , therefore as volume increases ok inspiration , pressure decreases

Question 37

How do you measuring lung function

Answer 37

Spirometry

Question 38

What does spirometry do

Answer 38

It measures the volume of air inspired and expired and therefore changes in lung volume