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Gross Anatomy > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Superficial pectoral

A

Origin: sternum
Insertion: crest of greater tubercle and cranial humeral border
Action: adduct thoracic limb

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2
Q

Deep pectoral

A

Origin: sternum
Insertion: greater/lesser tubercles
Action: adduct thoracic limb and pull it caudally

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3
Q

Brachiocephalicus

A

Origin: clavicular intersection
Insertion: distal cranial humerus, mastoid process of temporal bone, dorsal midline of neck
Action: pull thoracic limb cranially and depress head/neck laterally

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4
Q

Omotransversarius

A

Cranial-most: wing of atlas
Caudal-most: distal spine of scapula
Action: pull thoracic limb cranially and depress head/neck laterally

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5
Q

Trapezius

A

Origin: dorsal neck and dorsal thorax
Insertion: spine of scapula
Action: elevate thoracic limb

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6
Q

Rhomboideus

A

Origin: dorsal neck (cervicis), dorsal thorax (thoracis), nuchal crest of occipital bone (capitis)
Insertion: dorsal border of scapula and scapular cartilage
Action: elevate thoracic limb

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7
Q

Serratus ventralis

A

Origin: cervical vertebrae and thoracic wall of ribs
Insertion: serrated face of scapula
Action: support and elevate trunk

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8
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Origin: thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: teres major tuberosity
Action: draw thoracic limb caudally, flex/extend humeral joint

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9
Q

Sternocephalicus

A

Origin: sternum
Insertion: mastoid process and occipital bone
Action: depress head and neck, draw them laterally

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10
Q

Sternohyoideus

A

Origin: sternum
Insertion: basihyoid
Action: pull tongue and larynx caudally

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11
Q

Sternothyroideus

A

Origin: cranial aspect of sternum
Insertion: thyroid cartilage
Action: pull tongue and larynx caudally

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12
Q

Deltoideus

A

Origin: spine of scapula and acromion
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity
Action: flex humeral joint

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13
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Origin: supraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle
Action: extend humeral joint

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14
Q

Subscapularis

A

Origin: subscapular fossa
Insertion: lesser tubercle
Action: adduct limb

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15
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Origin: infraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle
Action: flex humeral joint, abduct limb

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16
Q

Teres major

A

Origin: caudal border of scapula
Insertion: teres major tuberosity
Action: flex humeral joint

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17
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Origin: supraglenoid tubercle
Insertion: radial and ulnar tuberosity
Action: flex cubital joint and extend humeral joint

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18
Q

Brachialis

A

Origin: brachial groove
Insertion: proximal radius and ulna
Action: flex cubital joint

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19
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Origin: caudal border of scapula (long head), proximal humerus (all other heads)
Insertion: olecranon tuber
Action: flex humeral joint (long) and extend cubital joint (all other heads)

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20
Q

Extensor carpi radialis

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: dorsal base of 2 and 3 metacarpals
Action: extend carpal joints

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21
Q

Common digital extensor

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: extensor processes of distal phalanges
Action: extend carpal and digital joints

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22
Q

Lateral digital extensor (thoracic)

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: distal phalanges and/or proximal/medial lateral digits
Action: extend carpal and digital joints

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23
Q

Ulnaris lateralis

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: accessory carpal bone and lateral base of 5th metacarpal
Action: flex carpal joints, abduct manus

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24
Q

Supinator

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: body of radius
Action: supination of manus

25
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: fascia near carpus
Action: flexes cubital joint and supinates manus

26
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

Origin: medial epicondyle
Insertion: palmar base of metacarpal bones 2 and 3
Action: flex carpal joints

27
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Origin: medial epicondyle and olecranon
Insertion: accessory carpal bone
Action: flex carpal joints

28
Q

Superficial digital flexor (thoracic)

A

Origin: medial epicondyle
Insertion: palmar aspects of middle phalanges
Action: flex carpal joints, metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints

29
Q

Deep digital flexor

A

Origin: medial epicondyle, radius, ulna
Insertion: flexor tubercles of distal phalanges
Action: flex carpal and digital joints

30
Q

Pronator teres

A

Origin: medial epicondyle
Acton: weak elbow flexion and weak pronation of manus

31
Q

Pronator quadratus

A

Attachments: apposed surfaces of radius and ulna
Action: pronation of manus

32
Q

Interossei muscles

A

Origin: palmar base of metacarpal bone
Insertion: palmar base of proximal phalanges and tendon of common digital extensor
Action: flexes/supports metacarpophalangeal joint

33
Q

Tensor fasciae latae

A

Origin: tuber coxae
Insertion: fascia lata
Action: tense fascia lata (flex coxal joint and extend genual joint)

34
Q

Superficial gluteal

A

Origin: sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: third trochanter
Action: abduct limb

35
Q

Middle gluteal

A

Origin: gluteal surface of ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter
Action: extend coxal joint, abduct limb

36
Q

Deep gluteal

A

Origin: body of ischium and ischiatic spine
Insertion: greater trochanter
Action: extend coxal joint

37
Q

Piriformis

A

Origin: sacrum and 1st caudal vertebra
Insertion: greater trochanter
Action: extend coxal joint

38
Q

External obturator

A

Origin: ventral aspect of os coxae around obturator foramen
Insertion: trochanteric fossa
Action: rotate limb laterally at coxal joint

39
Q

Internal obturator

A

Origin: dorsal aspect of os coxae around obturator foramen
Insertion: trochanteric fossa
Action: rotate limb laterally at coxal joint

40
Q

Gemelli

A

Origin: lateral aspect of ischium
Insertion: trochanteric fossa
Action: rotate limb laterally at coxal joint

41
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

Origin: ventral aspect of ischium
Insertion: caudal femur near trochanteric fossa
Action: extend coxal joint, rotate limb laterally at coxal

42
Q

Biceps femoris

A

Origin: ischiatic tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: patella, tibia, tuber calcanei
Action: extend coxal joint, extend tarsocrural joint, variable on genual

43
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Origin: ischiatic tuberosity
Insertion: tibia and tuber calcanei
Action: extend coxal joint, variable on genual, extend tarsocrural joint

44
Q

Semimembranosus

A

Origin: on/near ischiatic tuberosity
Insertion: distal femur and proximal tibia
Action: extend coxal joint, variable on genual

45
Q

Gracilis

A

Origin: pelvic symphysis
Insertion: medial aspect of genual region
Action: adduct limb, extend coxal joint, flex genual joint, extend tarsocrural joint

46
Q

Sartorius

A

Origin: crest of ilium
Insertion: medial aspect of genual region
Action: flex coxal joint, extend genual joint (cranial) and flexes genual joint (caudal)

47
Q

Pectineus

A

Origin: iliopubic eminence
Insertion: distal body of femur
Acton: adduct limb

48
Q

Adductor

A

Origin: ventral surface of os coxae
Insertion: caudal surface of femur
Action: adduct limb and extend coxal joint

49
Q

Quadriceps femoris

A

Origin: ilium (rectus femoris) and proximal femur for the other 3
Insertion: tibial tuberosity
Action: flex the coxal joint (rectus femoris), other 3 extend the genual joint

50
Q

Iliopsoas

A

Origin: ilium and lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: lesser trochanter
Action: flex coxal joint

51
Q

Cranial tibial

A

Origin: lateral aspect of proximal tibia
Insertion: plantar base of metatarsal bones 1 and 2
Action: flex tarsocrural joint

52
Q

Long digital extensor

A

Origin: extensor fossa
Insertion: extensor processes of distal phalanges
Action: extend genual joint, flex tarsocrural joint, extend digital joints

53
Q

Lateral digital extensor (pelvic)

A

Origin: on/near proximal aspect of fibula
Insertion: lateral digits
Action: flex tarsocrural joint and extend digital joint

54
Q

Peroneus longus

A

Origin: on/near lateral collateral ligament
Insertion: plantar base of metatarsal bones
Action: flex tarsocrural joint

55
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Origin: distal caudal femur
Insertion: tuber calcanei
Action: flex genual joint and extend tarsocrural joint

56
Q

Superficial digital flexor (pelvic)

A

Origin: lateral supracondylar tuberosity
Insertion: tuber calcanei and bases of middle phalanges
Action: flex genual joint, extend tarsocrural joint, flex metatarsophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints

57
Q

Deep digital flexor (pelvic)

A

Origin: proximal caudal aspect of tibia and fibula
Insertion: flexor tubercle of distal phalanges
Action: extend tarsocrural joint, flex digital joints

58
Q

Popliteus

A

Origin: popliteal fossa
Insertion: proximal caudal aspect of tibia
Acton: sensory function for genual joint

Gross Anatomy (6 decks)

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