Muscles Function/structure Flashcards
(12 cards)
Muscle accounts for how much % of our total weight?
40%
Name the 7 things which make the properties of a cell
- Homeostatic Control
- Organismic composition
- Responsiveness to external stimuli
- Metabolic Activity
- Capacity for Reproduction
- Capacity for Adaptation
- Capacity for Growth
Composition of a cell
Cell Membrane Cytoplasm DNA Cellular Organnelles Membrane Bound Organnelles Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Apparatus Mitochondria Vacuoles Nucleus Nucleolus
Nucleus
Nucleus is the largest cell organelle in mammals and has almost all the DNA.
- contains nucleoplasm
- has inside a sub-organelle called nucleolus which has all the RNA
- Red blood cells are “anucleate” (no nucleus)
- Cardiac blood cells are “mononucleate” (1)
- skeletal/muscle cells are multi-nucleate
Cell Membrane
- Two later membrane made of phospholipids.
- selectively permeable
Cytoplasm
- is inside cell membrane
- sort of a water-like substance
- the first steps in cellular respiration take place in cytoplasm
- cytoplasm of muscle cells is called sarcoplasm
DNA
- Controls anatomy (how things are built) and physiology (how things work)
- Genetic material
- DNA makes RNA makes Protein which provides function
Cell Organelles
-Organelles are well-defined, large-scale structures (relative to the size of an individual cell) that carry out a specific set of functions within the cell.
Membrane Bound Organelle
Organelles that are completely surrounded by membranes.
- function is to separate certain types of reactions within the cell and the cell can control the sequencing of events
Endoplasmic Reticulum
-an extensive membrane network of sac-like structures called cisternae
3 types:
Rough - which have ribosomes
Smooth- Which do NOT have ribosomes
Sarcoplasmic- Found in Skeletal muscle, and mycardium
Golgi Apparatus
- These are membrane-bound vesicles
- Look like “flattened sacs” sometimes between 5-8, but as much as couple dozen
Mitochondria
- Contains a phospholipid bi-layer (in and outer)
