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KIN2320 Final > MUSCLES OF THE FOREARM > Flashcards

MUSCLES OF THE FOREARM Flashcards

1
Q

what mainly innervates the anterior compartment?

A

median nerve (some exceptions: FCU - ulnar nerve)

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2
Q

what innervates the posterior compartment?

A

radial nerve

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3
Q

where are the flexor-pronator muscles?

A

anterior compartment

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4
Q

where are the extensor muscles?

A

posterior compartment

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5
Q

what is the flexor retinaculum?

A

transverse carpal ligament

holds tendons of flexor muscles in place along with the palmar carpal ligament

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6
Q

what muscles are in the superficial layer in the anterior compartment?

A
  1. pronator teres
  2. flexor carpi radialis
  3. palmaris longus
  4. flexor carpi ulnaris
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7
Q

what muscle is in the intermediate layer in the anterior compartment?

A
  1. flexor digitorum superficialis
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8
Q

what muscles are in the deep layer of the anterior compartment?

A
  1. flexor digitorum profundus
  2. flexor pollicis longus
  3. pronator quadratus
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9
Q

which muscles groups in the anterior compartment cross the elbow joint?

A
  1. superficial layer (4)

2. intermediate layer (1)

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10
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of pronator teres?

A

proximal:
ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna
humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus

distal attachment: radius

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11
Q

what is the innervation of pronator teres?

A

median nerve

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12
Q

what is the action of pronator teres?

A

pronate and flex forearm

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13
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of flexor carpi radialis?

A

proximal: medial epicondyle of humerus
distal: base of 2nd metacarpal

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14
Q

what is the innervation of flexor carpi radialis?

A

median nerve

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15
Q

what is the function of flexor carpi radialis?

A

flex and abduct hand at wrist

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16
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of palmaris longus?

A

proximal: medial epicondyle of humerus
distal: flexor retinaculum, palmar aponeurosis

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17
Q

what is the innervation of palmaris longus?

A

median nerve

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18
Q

what is the action of palmaris longus?

A

flex hand at wrist

tenses palmar aponeurosis

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19
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

proximal: olecranon and post. border of ulna
distal: pisiform, hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal

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20
Q

what are the two heads of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

humeral head

ulnar head

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21
Q

what is the innervation of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

ulnar nerve

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22
Q

what is the action of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

flex and adduct hand at wrist

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23
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

proximal:
humero-ulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
radial head: oblique line of radius

distal: middle phalanges (not including thumb)

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24
Q

what is the innervation of flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

median nerve

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25
what is the action of flexor digitorum superficialis?
flex wrist | flex proximal interphalangeal joints (not including thumb)
26
what are the proximal and distal attachments of flexor digitorum profundus?
proximal: ant. surface of ulna and interosseous membrane distal: bases of distal phalanges (not including thumb)
27
what is the innervation of flexor digitorum profundus?
digits 2 and 3: median nerve digits 4 and 5: ulnar nerve
28
what is the action of flexor digitorum profundus?
flex wrist joint | flex distal interphalangeal joints (not including thumb)
29
what are the proximal and distal attachments of flexor pollicis longus?
proximal: anterior surface of radius, interosseous membrane distal: base of distal phalanx of thumb
30
what is the innervation of flexor pollicis longus?
median nerve
31
what is the action of flexor pollicis longus?
flex wrist | flex interphalangeal joints (not including thumb)
32
what are the proximal and distal attachments of pronator quadratus?
proximal: ulna distal: radius
33
what is the innervation of pronator quadratus?
median nerve
34
what is the action of pronator quatratus?
pronate forearm | bind radius and ulna together
35
what muscles extend/abduct/adduct the hand at the wrist?
1. extensor carpi radialis longus 2. extensor carpi radialis brevis 3. extensor carpi ulnaris
36
What muscles extend the medial 4 digits?
1. extensor digitorum 2. extensor indicis 3. extensor digiti minimi
37
what muscles extend or abduct the thumb
1. abductor pollicis longus 2. extensor pollicis brevis 3. extensor pollicis longus
38
what holds the extensor tendons in place in the wrist region?
extensor retinaculum
39
what covers the extensor tendons as they pass over the dorsum?
synovial tendon sheaths
40
what are the muscles in the superficial extensor group?
1. brachioradialis 2. extensor carpi radialis longus 3. extensor carpi radialis brevis 4. extensor digitorum 5. extensor digiti minimi 6. extensor carpi ulnaris
41
what muscle is in the deep layer of the extensors?
supinator
42
what extensor muscles are in the "outcropping" muscles of the deep layer?
1. abductor pollicis longus 2. extensor pollicis longus 3. extensor pollicis brevis 4. extensor indicis
43
What are the proximal and distal attachments of brachioradialis?
proximal: lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus distal: distal end of radius
44
what is the innervation of brachioradialis?
radial nerve
45
what is the action of brachioradialis?
weak flexion of elbow
46
what are the proximal and distal attachments of extensor carpi radialis longus?
proximal: lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus distal: 2nd metacarpal bone
47
what is the innervation of extensor carpi radialis longus?
radial nerve
48
what is the action of extensor carpi radialis longus?
extend and abduct wrist
49
what are the proximal and distal attachments of extensor carpi radialis brevis?
proximal: lateral epicondyle of humerus distal: 3rd metacarpal
50
what is the innervation of extensor carpi radialis brevis?
radial nerve
51
what is the action of extensor carpi radialis brevis?
fist clenching
52
what are the proximal and distal attachments of extensor digitorum?
proximal: lateral epicondyle of humerus distal: medial 4 digits
53
what is the innervation of extensor digitorum?
posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of radial nerve)
54
what is the action of extensor digitorum?
extend wrist | extend med. 4 digits at MCP joint
55
what are the proximal and distal attachments of extensor digiti minimi?
proximal: lateral epicondyle of humerus distal: 5th digit
56
what is the innervation of extensor digiti minimi?
posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of radial nerve)
57
what is the action of extensor digiti minimi?
extend wrist | extend 5th digit at MCP joint
58
what are the proximal and distal attachments of extensor carpi ulnaris?
proximal: lateral epicondyle of humerus post. border of ulna distal: base of 5th metacarpal
59
what is the innervation of extensor carpi ulnaris?
posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of radial nerve)
60
what is the action of extensor carpi ulnaris?
extend and adduct wrist
61
what is the common extensor origin?
lateral epicondyle of humerus
62
what are the proximal and distal attachments of supinator?
proximal: lat. epicondyle of humerus distal: radius
63
what is the innervation of supinator?
radial nerve
64
what is the action of supinator
supinate forearm
65
what are the proximal and distal attachments of abductor pollicis longus?
proximal: ulna, interosseous membrane distal: base of 1st metacarpal
66
what is the innervation of abductor pollicis longus?
posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of radial nerve)
67
what is the action of abductor pollicis longus?
extend wrist | extend distal phalanx of thumb
68
what are the proximal and distal attachments of extensor pollicis brevis?
proximal: radius and interosseous membrane distal: base of proximal phalanx of thumb
69
what is the innervation of extensor pollicis brevis?
posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of radial nerve)
70
what is the action of extensor pollicis brevis?
extend wrist | extend proximal phalanx of thumb
71
what are the proximal and distal attachments of extensor indicis?
proximal: ulna and interosseous membrane distal: 2nd finger
72
what is the innervation of extensor indicis?
posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of radial nerve)
73
what is the action of extensor indicis?
extend wrist | extend 2nd finger
74
what tendons make up the borders of the snuff box?
lateral border: 1. APL: a 2. EPB: medial border: EPL: floor: radial artery
75
what can be palpated in and around the snuff box?
proximally: radial styloid process distally: base of 1st metacarpal floor: scaphoid and trapezium
76
what is the common flexor origin?
medial epicondyle of humerus

KIN2320 Final (10 decks)

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