POSTERIOR AXIO-APPENDICULAR AND SCAPHOHUMERAL MUSCLES

Question 1

What is the purpose of intrinsic back muscles?

Answer 1

maintain posture and control movements of vertebral column

Question 2

What are the 3 groups of the post. shoulder muscles?

Answer 2

1. superficial posterior axio-appendicular (extrinsic shoulder)
2. deep posterior axio-appendicular (extrinsic shoulder)
3. scapulohumeral (intrinsic shoulder) muscles

Question 3

what are the superficial posterior axio-appendicular muscles?

Answer 3

1. trapezius

2. latissimus dorsi

Question 4

what are the deep posterior axio-appendicular muscles?

Answer 4

1. levator scapulae

2. rhomboids

Question 5

what are the scapulohumeral muscles?

Answer 5

1. deltoid
2. teres major
3. rotator cuff

Question 6

what are the muscles of the rotator cuff ?

Answer 6

1. supraspinatus
2. infraspinatus
3. teres minor
4. subscapularis

Question 7

what is the medial and lateral attachment of trapezius?

Answer 7

medial: sup. nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal lig., spinous processes of C7-T12
lateral: clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

Question 8

what are the 3 parts of the trapezius and their actions?

Answer 8

1. descending (superior) part: elevates scapula
2. middle part: retract scapula
3. ascending (inferior) part: depresses scapula and lowers shoulders

Question 9

what is the innervation of the trapezius?

Answer 9

cranial nerve XI

Question 10

what is the medial and lateral attachments of the latissimus dorsi?

Answer 10

medial: spinous processes of inf. 6 thoracic vertebrae
lateral: intertubercular sulcus

Question 11

what is the innervation of the latissimus dorsi?

Answer 11

thoracodorsal nerve

Question 12

what is the action of the latissimus dorsi?

Answer 12

extend, adduct, medially rotate shoulder

raise body towards arms during climbing

Question 13

what are the medial and lateral attachments of the levator scapulae?

Answer 13

medial: transverse processes of C1-C4
lateral: medial border of scapula

Question 14

what is the innervation of the levator scapulae?

Answer 14

dorsal scapular, cervical spinal nerve

Question 15

what is the action of levator scapulae?

Answer 15

elvelate scapula, tilts glenoid cavity by rotating scapula

bilaterally: extend neck
unilaterally: lateral flexion of neck

Question 16

what are the medial and lateral attachments of rhomboid minor?

Answer 16

medial: nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T1
lateral: scapular spine

Question 17

what are the medial and lateral attachments of rhomboid major?

Answer 17

medial: spinous processes of T2-T5
lateral: medial border of scapula

Question 18

what is the innervation of rhomboid minor and rhomboid major?

Answer 18

dorsal scapular nerve

Question 19

what is the action of rhomboid min and rhomboid major?

Answer 19

retract scapula, rotate it to depress glenoid cavity, fix scapula to thoracic wall

Question 20

what are the proximal and distal attachments of the deltoid?

Answer 20

proximal: clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
distal: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Question 21

what is the innervation of the deltoid?

Answer 21

axillary nerve

Question 22

what is the action of the deltoid?

Answer 22

clavicular (anterior) part: flex and medially rotate shoulder

acromial (middle) part: abducts shoulder

spinal (posterior) part: extend and laterally rotate shoulder

Question 23

what are the proximal and distal attachments of supraspinatus?

Answer 23

proximal: supraspinous fossa of scapula
distal: greater tubercle of humerus

Question 24

what is the innervation of the supraspinatus?

Answer 24

suprascapular nerve

Question 25

what is the action of supraspinatus?

Answer 25

first 15 degrees of shoulder abduction

Question 26

what are the proximal and distal attachments of infraspinatus?

Answer 26

proximal: infraspinous fossa of scapula distal: greater tubercle of humerus

Question 27

what is the innervation of infraspinatus?

Answer 27

suprascapular nerve

Question 28

what is the action of infraspinatus?

Answer 28

laterally rotate shoulder, help hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

Question 29

what are the proximal and distal attachments of teres minor?

Answer 29

proximal: lateral border of scapula distal: greater tubercle of humerus

Question 30

what is the innervation of teres minor?

Answer 30

axillary nerve

Question 31

what is the action of teres minor?

Answer 31

laterally rotate shoulder, help hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

Question 32

what are the proximal and distal attachments of teres major?

Answer 32

proximal: lateral border of scapula, inferior angle of scapula distal: intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Question 33

what is the innervation of teres major?

Answer 33

lower subscapular nerve

Question 34

what is the action of teres major?

Answer 34

adducts and medially rotates shoulder

Question 35

what are the proximal and distal attachments of subscapularis?

Answer 35

proximal: subscapular fossa distal: lesser tubercle of humerus

Question 36

what is the innervation of subscapularis?

Answer 36

upper and lower subscapular nerves