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Hugh's MD1 Musculo-Skeletal > Muscles of the Upper Limb > Flashcards

Muscles of the Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin of the brachialis muscle?

A

Ant aspect of the distal half of the shaft of the humerus

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1
Q

What is the insertion of the FDS?

A

Four tendons, one in each middle phalanx

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2
Q

What is the insertion of the supraspinatus muscle?

A

Superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

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3
Q

What is the attachment of the long head of the triceps?

A

Infraglenoid tubercle

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4
Q

What is the origin of flexor pollicis longus?

A

Shaft of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane

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5
Q

What is the origin of FDS

A

Medial epicondyle

Both ulna and radius

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5
Q

Why is their a bare patch in the synovial sheaths of the FDS and FDP tendons?

A

That space gives rise to the lumbrical muscles

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6
Q

Where does the FCR insert?

A

2nd and 3rd metacarpals

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6
Q

Where does ECRL and B insert?

A

2nd and 3rd metacarpals posteriorly

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6
Q

What happens when both the ECRL and B, and FCR contract?

A

Radial deviation

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7
Q

Which flexors on the forearm insert onto metacarpals?

A

Flexor carpi radialis

Flexor carpi ulnaris

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8
Q

What are the names of the muscles that make up the hypothenar muscle?

A

(… One For All)

Opponens digiti minimi

Flexor digiti minimi

Abductor digiti minimi

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9
Q

What is the origin of the coracobrachialis muscle?

A

Coracoid process of the scap

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10
Q

What movements does the teres major allow?

A

Adduction

Medial rotation

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10
Q

What are the muscles that make up the thenar muscle?

A

(All For One And…)

Abductor pollicis brevis

Flexor pollicis brevis

Opponens pollicis

Adductor pollicis``

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12
Q

What is the insertion and origin of the subclavius?

A

Origin: 1st Rib

Insertion: Inferior surface of clavicle

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12
Q

What is the function of the subclavius?

A

Stabilise the clavicle

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12
Q

What movement does the brachioradialis muscle allow?

A

Flexion of elbow

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13
Q

What makes up the superficial palmar arterial arch?

A

It’s started by the ulnar artery and finished by the radial artery

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14
Q

What is the origin and course of the long head of the bicep?

A

Originates in the supraglenoid tubercle

Traverses over the head of the humerus, within the capsule and out through the bicepital groove

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15
Q

What is the insertion of the deltoid?

A

Deltoid tuberosity on humerus

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16
Q

Where does the FDS lie in relation to the FCU and FCR?

A

Underneath

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16
Q

What is the configuration of the tendons of the FDS?

A

Tendons of the 3rd and 4th fingers ontop of the tendons of the 2nd and 5th fingers.

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16
Q

Where do the extensors of the thumb originate?

A

Shaft of ulnar and adjacent interosseous membrane

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16
Q

What are the borders of the palmar aponeurosis?

A

Flexor aproneurosis proximally

Slips into the bases of the each of the 4 fingers

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17
Q

Describe the insertion of the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Pisiform bone is in its tendon on its way to the 5th metacarpal

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18
Q

Which of the lumbrical muscles are dual bellied?

A

3rd and 4th fingers

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19
Q

What is the attachment of the lateral head of the tricep?

A

Linear attachment on the posterior shaft of the humerus

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21
Q

Which nerves supplies the serratus anterior?

A

Long thoracic nerve

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21
Q

What is the course of the lumbrical muscle?

A

From the FD tendon on the metacarpals

Around the radial side of the 4 fingers

Onto the tendon of the ED

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22
Q

What bones make up the pectoral girdle?

A

Scapula and Clavicle

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23
Q

What are the origins of the deltoid?

A

Spine of the scapula

Acromium

Clavicle

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24
Q

How does the pattern of FDS and FDP’s tendons differ in their traversal of the carpal tunnel

A

FDP’s tendon line is a line of 4, deep to the tendons of FDS which lie in pairs, 2 ontop of each other.

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25
Q

What is the extra origin of the FCU?

A

Subcutaneous border of the ulna

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25
Q

What happens when ECU and FCU both contract?

A

Ulnar deviation

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25
Q

What divides the extensor tendons?

A

Divisions that come down from the extensor retinaculum

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26
Q

Where does the serratus anterior run?

A

Beneath the scapula

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26
Q

What type of sheaths by the FDS and FDP have in the hand?

A

Synovial and fibrous

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27
Q

What is the insertion of the pectoralis minor?

A

Coracoid process

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28
Q

What are the muscle attaching the pectoral girdle to thoracic wall anteriorly?

A

Pectoralis major

Pectoralis minor

Subclavius

Serratus Anterior

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29
Q

Where does the brachioradialis muscle insert?

A

Styloid process of the radius

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30
Q

What does the adductor pollicis muscle share a plane with?

A

The deep neurovascular plane

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31
Q

Which fibres of the pectoralis major overlie the other fibres?

A

Clavicular fibres overlie the sternocostal

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31
Q

Which nerve supplies the deltoid muscle?

A

Axillary

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32
Q

What is the function of the pectoralis minor?

A

Stabilise scapula

Accessory muscle of respiration

32
Q

What are the three muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Anconeus

Supinator

Extensor indicis

33
Q

Describe the EDM muscle belly?

A

It shares its proximal belly with ED

35
Q

What is the origin of the teres major?

A

Posterior surface of the inferior angle of the scapula

36
Q

7 layers of the palmar aspect of the hand, go!

A

Skin and palmaris brevis

Palmar aponeurosis

Thenar and hypothenar muscle

Neurovascular plane

Tendon of the distal flexors and lumbricals

Adductor pollicis and neurovascular plane

Interosseous muscles and metacarpals

37
Q

What movements happen at the elbow?

A

Flexion/Extension

Supernation/Pronation

37
Q

What is the name of the deepest head of the triceps?

A

Medial head

39
Q

What are the muscles that attaches the scapula to the humerus?

A

Teres major

Deltoid

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Subscapularis

Teres minor

40
Q

What are the muscles that connect the pectoral girdle to trunk posteriorly?

A

Trapezius

Rhomboids

Latissimus dorsi

Levator scapulae

42
Q

What are the 5 muscles of the superficial, flexor compartment of the forearm?

A

Pronator teres

Flexor carpi radialis

Palmaris longus

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Flexor carpis ulnaris

43
Q

Where do the hypothenar and thenar muscle arise from?

A

Flexor retinaculum and carpal bones

44
Q

What are the attachment of the flexor retinaculum?

A

Scaphoid

Trapezium

Hook of Hamate

Pisiform

45
Q

How can you tell f/e from ab/add of the thumb?

A

F/E is in the same plane as the hand

46
Q

What happens when the long thoracic nerve is damaged?

A

Winged scapula

48
Q

What is the insertion of the infraspinatus muscle?

A

Middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

49
Q

How often is the extensor indicis identified?

A

Rarely

51
Q

What is the insertion of the subscapulae muscle?

A

The lesser tubercle of the humerus

53
Q

Where does the medial head of the triceps originate?

A

Posterior shaft of the humerus

53
Q

What is the insertion of FPL?

A

Distal phalanx of the thumb

55
Q

When does the biceps supinate?

A

When the elbow is flexed

56
Q

What movement does the palmar interosseous muscle allow?

A

Palmar interosseous muscle ADduct (PAD)

57
Q

What is the origin of the adductor pollicis?

A

Shaft of the 3rd metacarpal

59
Q

What is the insertion of the brachialis muscle?

A

Coranoid process of the ulnar

60
Q

Where does the pectoralis major muscle insert?

A

Lateral lip of the bicepital groove

61
Q

What is the extra origin of the FDS?

A

Radius

62
Q

Around which side of the phalanges does the lumbrical tendon run?

A

Radial side

64
Q

What is the insertion of the teres major?

A

Medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

65
Q

How can you find the superficial palmar arterial arch?

A

It runs on the distal plane of the out stretched thumb

66
Q

What is the course of the anconeus muscle?

A

Ula to the lateral epicondyle

68
Q

What is the name of the two superficial heads of the triceps?

A

Lateral

Long

68
Q

Which superficial flexors have more than one origin?

A

Pronator teres

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Flexor carpi ulnaris

69
Q

Name the nine superficial extensors of the forearm

A

Brachioradialis

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Extensor digitorum

Extensor digiti minimi

Extensor pollicis longus

Extensor pollicis brevis

Abductor pollicis longus

71
Q

What is the function of the serratus anterior?

A

Protraction the scapula

73
Q

Which muscle initiates abduction of the humerus?

A

Supraspinatus

74
Q

Which superficial extensors originate at the lateral supracondylar ridge?

A

Brachioradialis

Extensor carpi radialis longus

75
Q

Are there more dorsal or palmar interosseous muscles?

A

Dorsal

76
Q

Where does the triceps insert?

A

Olecranon of ulnar

78
Q

What is the origin of the serratus anterior?

A

Lateral aspect of ribs 1-8

78
Q

What does the short head of the bicep originate?

A

Coracoid process of scap

79
Q

T/F the palmar aponeurosis covers the hypothenar muscle but not the thenar muscle

A

False, it doesn’t cover either of them

80
Q

What is the origin of the FDP?

A

Shaft of ulna and adjacent interosseous membrane

82
Q

Describe the palmar longus?

A

It has a small belly and long tendon > heading towards extinction

82
Q

What movement do the dorsal interosseous muscle allow?

A

Dorsal interosseous muscles ABduct (DAB)

84
Q

What is the insertion of the teres minor?

A

The inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

86
Q

Which superficial extensors originate from the lateral epicondyle?

A

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Extensor digitorum

Extensor digiti minimi

Extensor carpi ulnaris

87
Q

What is best way to look for the supinator muscle?

A

Look for the muscle that obsures the proximal shaft of the radius

88
Q

What is the insertion of ECU?

A

5th metacarpal

89
Q

What runs between the two heads of the supinator?

A

The neural supply of the posterior compartment of the forearm

90
Q

Which muscles tendons run between the superficial palmar arterial arch and the adductor pollicis?

A

The FDS and FDP tendons

91
Q

Where do the interosseous muscle insert?

A

ED tendon

93
Q

Which muscle laterally rotate the humerus?

A

Infraspinatus

Teres minor

94
Q

What are the major actions of the pectoralis major?

A

Horizontal adduction

Medial rotation of the humerus

Accessory muscle of respiration

95
Q

What is the course of the EPL’s tendon?

A

It goes the “long” way - through the extensor retinaculum and back to the thumb

96
Q

What are the 3 deep muscles in the flexor compartment?

A

Pronator quadratus

Flexor digitorum profundus

Flexor pollicis longus

97
Q

T/F Dupuytren’s contractor is due to a thickening of the deep flexor tendons

A

False, it’s a thickening of the palmar aponeurosis

98
Q

Where the origins of the pectoralis major?

A

Clavicular

Sternocostal

99
Q

Where does the serratus anterior insert?

A

Vertebral border of the scapula

100
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Coracobrachialis

Biceps

Brachialis

102
Q

What is the origin of the pectoralis minor?

A

Ribs 3-5

103
Q

What are the movement of the thumb?

A

Flexor/extend

Abduct/adduct

Opposition/reposition

104
Q

What is the common origin of the flexors of the forearm?

A

Medial epicondyle

105
Q

What is the insert of the coracobrachialis?

A

Mid humerus

106
Q

What is the insertion of FDP?

A

Distal palanx of 4 fingers - tendons bursts through the tendon of the FDS

108
Q

Which muscles form the medial border of the forearm?

A

FCU

ECU

109
Q

What movement do the lumbrical muscles allow?

A

Wave bye bye

110
Q

Where does pronator teres insert?

A

Mid point of the shaft of the radius

111
Q

Where does the ED insert?

A

Tendons for fingers 2 to 4 posteriorly, each finger gets 3 tendons, one for each phalanx

Hugh's MD1 Musculo-Skeletal (7 decks)

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