Hip Joint

Question 1

Which bones make up the “hip bone”?

Answer 1

The pubis

Ileum

Ischium

Question 2

What is the lunate surface of the acetabulum?

Answer 2

A crescent shaped area of the joint around 2/3 of the perimeter of the joint

Question 3

What is the name of the notch that complete of the perimeter of the acetabulum?

Answer 3

Acetabular notch

Question 4

What is covers the acetabular notch?

Answer 4

Ligament

Question 5

T/F The acetabular fossa isn’t an articular surface

Answer 5

True

Question 6

T/F the fat-pad of the acetabular joint is intra-synovial

Answer 6

False, it’s only intra-articular

Question 7

Which aspect of the femur is the greater trochanter located?

Answer 7

Lateral

Question 8

What type of epiphyses are present at the greater and lesser trochanters?

Answer 8

Traction trochanters - grow is stimulated by pulling of the muscles

Question 9

What is the fovea for?

Answer 9

Attachment of the ligament

Question 10

What is present in the neck of the femur?

Answer 10

Small holes for the entry of vessels

Question 11

In what orientation is the head of the femur?

Answer 11

Medially

Superiorly

Anteriorly

Question 12

What are the implications of the anterior orientation of the femur?

Answer 12

A small part sticks out of the capsule - protected by the psoas bursa

Question 13

Which aspect of the acetabulum does the femur articulate with?

Answer 13

The roof - where the cartilage is thickest

Question 14

What is weaver’s bottom?

Answer 14

Bursitis due to irritation of the ischial tuberosity

Question 15

Apart from the psoas bursa where else do can you find bursa?

Answer 15

Over the greater trochanter

Question 16

What is the function of the labrum of the hip joint?

Answer 16

Increase the SA for articulation

Question 17

What is the function of the ligament of the head of the femur?

Answer 17

Direct the development of the obturature artery

Question 18

Why does the neck of the femur become susceptible to breaking with age?

Answer 18

Loss of the trabeculae

Question 19

What are the inferior (medial and lateral) trabeculae for?

Answer 19

Muscles pulling on the greater and lesser trochanter

Question 20

Where does the centre of gravity sit in relation to the hip joint?

Answer 20

Behind it

Question 21

Where does the centre of gravity sit in relation to the knee joint?

Answer 21

Slightly in front

Question 22

What are the implications of the position of the centre of gravity in relation to the ankle joint?

Answer 22

It’s a fair way forward therefore you need contraction of the soleus to remain upright

Question 23

What is the position of the greatest stability of the hip joint?

Answer 23

Extension

Medial rotation

Slight abduction

Question 24

What is the position of least stability of the hip joint?

Answer 24

Flexion

Lateral rotation

Adduction

Question 25

What ligament of the hip joint is most important?

Answer 25

Iliofemoral lig

Question 26

What movement does the iliofemoral ligament resist?

Answer 26

Extension

Question 27

What are the three ligaments of the hip joint?

Answer 27

Iliofemoral Pubofemoral Ischiofemoral

Question 28

What is the zona orbicularis?

Answer 28

Ring of fibres that line the internal aspect of the ligaments of the hip

Question 29

What are the retinacular fibres?

Answer 29

Extension of the capsule down the neck of the femur

Question 30

What are the retinacular fibres important for?

Answer 30

Blood supply of the neck

Question 31

When does the gluteus maximus work for extension?

Answer 31

When high power is required - eg sprinting

Question 32

What is the function of the 6 muscles that lie beneath the gluteus maximus?

Answer 32

Support the joint - pull the head into the socket External rotation

Question 33

A Trendellenberg gait is due to damage to which muscles?

Answer 33

Gluteus medius and minimus

Question 34

What is the function of the gluteus medius and minimus?

Answer 34

Abduction Hold the pelvis level when leg is raised during walking - dysfunction = Trendellenberg gait

Question 35

What are the three nerves of the hip joint and where do they lie?

Answer 35

Sciatic - behind Obturator - Medial Femoral - In front

Question 36

Where can hip pain be referred to?

Answer 36

The inner thigh

Question 37

What are the major blood suppliers of the hip joint?

Answer 37

The medial and lateral circumflex arterise

Question 38

What is endangered in a hip dislocation?

Answer 38

Sciatic nerve

Question 39

How do you treat congenital dislocation of the hip joint in babies?

Answer 39

Brace the legs in abduction to position the head in the socket

Question 40

How does a fructured head of the femur appear acutely?

Answer 40

Shortened and medially rotated (due to muscle spasm)