muscular Flashcards
(25 cards)
where do you find smooth muscles?
intestines, walls of digestive system
what are smooth muscles controlled by?
the nervous system
what is the function of smooth muscles?
regulate digestion and blood pressure
what does it mean for a smooth muscle to work involuntarily?
works without conscious control
what is the function of a skeletal muscle?
contract and pull
what are some features of a skeletal muscle?
voluntary, striated (striped), conscious control
functions of the cardiac muscle
involuntary, only found in the walls of the heart, contracts and relaxes (heartbeat)
definition of agonist muscle
muscle responsible for movement
definition of fixator muscle
has to relax
definition of fixator muscle
stabilises the joints
what is an ISOMETRIC contraction?
without changing shape, still
what is a ISOTONIC contraction?
muscle moving while contracting
what is a CONCENTRIC movement?
muscles shorten while contracting
what is an ECCENTRIC movement?
muscles lengthening while contracting
what are TYPE 1 muscle fibres good for?
endurance, marathon running
what are TYPE 2A muscle fibres good for?
games players (football players)
what are TYPE 2B/X muscles good for?
powerful exercise, sprinting
what is the function of mitochondria?
produces energy with the presence of oxygen and is a fuel unit in muscle cells
what are the two types of muscle growth?
hypertrophy, hyperplasia
what is hypertrophy?
increase in muscle size
what is hyperplasia?
muscle fibres split to increase their number
what can an individual do to make muscle types more efficient?
train, exercise
characteristics of type 1 muscle fibres
marathon runner, aerobic activity, requires lots of oxygen
characteristics of type 2A muscle fibres
fast twitch, middle distance, limited o2
