Muscular Skeletal Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is ehlos danlos
1)Pathophysiology
2)Common symptoms
3) what does this put them at risks for
1) a gene abnormalities which affects collagen
2) stretchy skin, hypermornility,
3) increase risk of dislocation, delayed wound healing
What is sclerosis
1)Pathophysiology
2)Common symptoms
1) curving and twisting or the spine - carigoise as “s” or “c” shaped
2) visible curving,
leaning to one side,
even shoulder
What is cauda equina 🚨🚨
1)Pathophysiology
2)Common symptoms
3) treatment
1) compression of the nerves running from L2-L5
2) - sciatica on both sides
- Severe and worsening numbness( saddle numbness)
- can’t clentch the buttucks
- Incontinence ( poo and wee or inability to poo or Wee)
3) blue light 🔵 🚨🚨🚑🚑🚑
What is rabdomylysis
1)Pathophysiology
2)Common symptoms
3) treatment
4) common demographic
1) break down of skeletal muscle - releasing cell content - ( mainly postsisum + myoglobin
2) kidney damage ( due to myoglobin blockage ) tea colour urine + UTI symptoms
Hyperkalemia - potassium
3) hospital transfer + 12 lead post pick up
4) elderly falls - with long lie
What is a neck of femur fracture (NOF)
1)Pathophysiology
2)Common symptoms
3) treatment ✅
1) breakage to NOF - due to trauma /fall
2) unable to weight bear + shortening and rotation + need to pee
3) pad the leg+ pain relief + hospital
What is spina bifida
2) sign and symptoms
3) care
1) this condition is where the spine doesnt develop correctly in the womb causing gaps
2) reduced bone density, immortality, incontinence,
3) specialist care - under specialist
What is osteogenesis imperfecter
1) problem with collagen 1 leading to brittle bones
What is spinal stenosis
2) what are the signs and symptoms
When the spinal formina start to narrow reducing space for nerves and compresses
2) causes pain, tingling, weakness
What is degenerative disk disease
1) spine disk wear out with age or are affected by injury
2) this causes arthritis at the joint between the disk
What is sciatica
1) pathophysiology
2) sign and symptoms
3) treatment
1)compression ( pinched by herianted disk or more likely irritation if the sciatic nerve. Runs from bum to feet
2) Burning, tingling reduced sensation of affected limb and bits
3) movement, nsaids
Why is it important to ask about duration on floor for elderly people falls
Due to chances of randomylsis
What is Gowt
Pathophysiology
Treatment
inflammatory disease
Caused by buildup of uretic acid ( salts) in-between joints
Causes redness swollen and tenderness and heat joints
Treatment - nsaids, steroids
1) What is Raynards + risk factors
2) Symptoms
3) A test that may help with diagnosis
1)Extream vasoconstriction reaction to temperature or stress
2 types ( idiopathic - under 15yrs old) + Atherosclerosis, diabetes, ect
2) Pale hands that turn cyanosed, then pink up.
Occurs with temp changes normally
This occurs bilaterally
3) Allen’s test
What must you conduct before confirming a lower back pain likely go be muscular skeletal in origin
12 lead ECG
Abdo assessment
What are the red flag for patient with lower back pain
Saddle numbness
Loss of bowel or uninary control
Band like pain of the back
Bilateral sciatica
Unable to lie down straight on back
Moter weakness or sensory
What is metastatic spinal cord compression
Cancer that infiltration of grown on or around the spine
- causes compression of nerves(pain)
- weakness of spine strength ( collapse - pain)
Ot can’t lie straight, have band like pain, and unable to sleep
What assessment should you conduct for someone having back pain ( in detail)
12 lead ECG + abdo assessment
- comfim no saddle numbers
- bilateral sciatica
- ask them to clench buttcheecks
- can they weight bare
Feel for any bonnie crepitus /tenderness.
Ask them to straight leg raise
