Muscular system

Question 1

muscles provide movement by:

Answer 1

contracting in response to nervous stimulation

Question 2

muscle contraction results from the sliding together of what?

Answer 2

actin and myosin filaments

Question 3

each muscle cell consists of ______, which in turn make up ________.

Answer 3

myofibrils; sarcomeres

Question 4

in order for a muscle cell to contract, what must be present?

Answer 4

calcium and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 5

what causes the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 5

nervous stimulation from motor neurons

Question 6

Calcium ions attach to inhibitory proteins on the actin filaments within the cell, moving them aside so that

Answer 6

cross-bridges can form between actin and myosin filaments

Question 7

using energy supplied by ATP, _______ slide together to produce contraction.

Answer 7

filaments

Question 8

the skeletal muscles, which make up the muscular system, are also called what?

Answer 8

voluntary muscles because they are under conscious control

Question 9

skeletal muscles must work in pairs:

Answer 9

• The muscle that executes a given movement is the prime mover
• The muscle that produces the opposite movement is the antagonist

Question 10

other muscles known as ______ may work in cooperation with the prime mover

Answer 10

synergists

Question 11

flexors:

Answer 11

reduce the angle at the joint

Question 12

extensors:

Answer 12

increase the angle at the joint

Question 13

abductors:

Answer 13

draw a limb away from the body

Question 14

adductors:

Answer 14

draw a limb back toward the body