Muscular System

Question 1

What are Type 1 muscle fibers?

Answer 1

Slow twitch muscle fibers

Question 2

What are Type 2a muscle fibers?

Answer 2

Fast twitch oxidative

Question 3

What are Type 2b muscle fibers?

Answer 3

Fast twitch glycolytic

Question 4

What is an example of a sport for Type 1 muscle fibers?

Answer 4

Marathon running

Question 5

What are examples of sports for Type 2a muscle fibers?

Answer 5

800m or 400m

Question 6

What are examples of sports for Type 2b muscle fibers?

Answer 6

100m sprint and high jump

Question 7

What is the function of muscles in producing movement?

Answer 7

Muscles contract and relax to pull on bones, creating movement.

Question 8

What is the function of muscles in maintaining essential bodily functions?

Answer 8

Refers to the body’s ability to regulate processes like heart rate, respiration, and temperature during physical activity

Question 9

What is the function of muscles in maintaining posture?

Answer 9

Muscles make continuous small adjustments to maintain posture

Question 10

What is the function of muscles in stabilizing joints?

Answer 10

Tendons of muscles expand over joints to contribute to stability

Question 11

What is the function of muscles in generating heat?

Answer 11

Heat is a by-product of any muscular activity

Question 12

What is smooth muscle?

Answer 12

Involuntary muscle found in internal organs helping move substances around

Question 13

What is cardiac muscle?

Answer 13

Involuntary muscle responsible for pumping blood around the body, found in the heart

Question 14

What is skeletal muscle?

Answer 14

Voluntary muscle attached to bones responsible for movement, controlled consciously

Question 15

What is excitability in muscle function?

Answer 15

Ability to receive and respond to a stimulus from the brain

Question 16

What is contractility in muscle function?

Answer 16

Ability for muscle to shorten

Question 17

What is extensibility in muscle function?

Answer 17

Ability for muscle to be stretched

Question 18

What is elasticity in muscle function?

Answer 18

Ability to resume resting length

Question 19

What is the all or none principle in muscle contraction?

Answer 19

Once a motor unit receives an impulse that reaches the required threshold, all of the muscle fibers will contract at maximum force

Question 20

What is disinhibition in the context of contractility?

Answer 20

CNS sends signals to excite or inhibit muscular activity during exercise

Question 21

How does muscle contraction occur in terms of contractility

Answer 21

When more excitatory than inhibitory signals are sent, muscular contraction will occur

Question 22

How can disinhibition reduce the likelihood of injuries?

Answer 22

Prevents excitatory signals from exceeding the limit during exercise

Question 23

What does increased firing rate of motor units indicate?

Answer 23

Faster messages from the brain lead to faster muscle fiber contraction

Question 24

What does improved synchronization of firing rate mean?

Answer 24

When motor units fire at the same time, the force produced will increase

Question 25

What does improved technique and muscle coordination result in?

Answer 25

Results in better performance and strength through improved coordination

Question 26

Where are the triceps located?

Answer 26

Located on the back of the upper arm

Question 27

What is the gluteus maximus?

Answer 27

The large muscle in the buttocks

Question 28

What are the hamstrings?

Answer 28

The muscles at the back of the thigh

Question 29

What is the gastrocnemius?

Answer 29

The large calf muscle at the back of the lower leg

Question 30

What is the soleus?

Answer 30

A muscle under the gastrocnemius in the lower leg near the Achilles tendon

Question 31

What is the latissimus dorsi?

Answer 31

A large muscle in the back, extending from the lower spine to the upper arms

Question 32

What is the adductor group?

Answer 32

Muscles in the inner thigh that help bring the leg together

Question 33

Where are the pectorals located?

Answer 33

Located in the upper chest

Question 34

What is the trapezius?

Answer 34

A large muscle in the upper back and neck

Question 35

What is the deltoid?

Answer 35

The shoulder muscle in the upper back and neck

Question 36

Where are the biceps located?

Answer 36

The muscle on the front of the upper arm

Question 37

What are the quadriceps?

Answer 37

The large muscles on the front of the thigh

Question 38

What are abdominal muscles?

Answer 38

The core muscles in the stomach area

Question 39

What are hip flexors?

Answer 39

A group of muscles in the front of the hip that help lift the leg

Question 40

What is the tibialis anterior?

Answer 40

The muscle on the front of the lower leg, near the shin

Question 41

What are isometric contractions?

Answer 41

Tension increases but there is no change in muscle length or joint angle

Question 42

What are concentric contractions?

Answer 42

Shortening of a muscle while under tension (isotonic)

Question 43

What are eccentric contractions?

Answer 43

Lengthening of a muscle while generating force (isotonic)

Question 44

What are isotonic contractions?

Answer 44

Movement where the muscle changes length while maintaining mostly constant tension

Question 45

What are isokinetic contractions?

Answer 45

Change in muscle length against a varying load (special equipment needed)

Question 46

What is an example of an isotonic contraction?

Answer 46

Bicep curl

Question 47

What is an example of an isometric contraction?

Answer 47

Gripping a tennis racket

Question 48

What is an example of an isokinetic contraction?

Answer 48

Riding on a stationary bike

Question 49

What is the Z Line in a sarcomere?

Answer 49

A disk-like structure for actin filament attachment; anchors them in place

Question 50

What is the I Band in a sarcomere?

Answer 50

Consists of only actin filaments

Question 51

What is the A Zone in a sarcomere?

Answer 51

The length of the Myosin filaments

Question 52

What is the H Zone in a sarcomere?

Answer 52

The center of each A band, only contains myosin

Question 53

What is the M Line in a sarcomere?

Answer 53

In the middle of the H zone, consists of delicate fibers that anchor myosin filaments