Muscular System- Free Response

Question 1

What is made up of bundles of muscle fibers or muscle cells?

Answer 1

Fascicles

Question 2

Which complex organelle is composed of bundles of contractile elements?

Answer 2

Myofibrils

Question 3

What muscle cell membrane surrounds the muscle fiber?

Answer 3

Sacrolemma

Question 4

What are two types of isotonic contractions?

Answer 4

Concentric-shortening contraction

Eccentric-lengthening contraction

Question 5

Which type of connective tissue surrounds the outer surface of a skeletal muscle to hold it all together?

Answer 5

Epimysium

Question 6

Which type of connective tissue surrounds a fascicle?

Answer 6

Perimysium

Question 7

Which type of connective tissue surrounds each muscle fiber?

Answer 7

Endomysium

Question 8

What fluid portion of the muscle fiber contains important organelles?

Answer 8

Sacroplasm

Question 9

What is a basic contractile units of skeletal muscle?

Answer 9

Sacromere- joined to each other’s ends at the Z discs

Question 10

What term is used to describe the action of the antagonist muscle contracting at the same time as the agonist?

Answer 10

Co-contraction

Question 11

What three thin protein filaments are responsible for muscle contraction?

Answer 11

Troponin, tropomyosin, Actin

Question 12

What is happening at the muscle during concentric contraction?

Answer 12

Muscles contract to produce movement

Question 13

What region of the sacromere contains both thick and thin filaments? Also referred to as the dark zone

Answer 13

The A band

Question 14

Which region of the sarcomere contains only thin filaments? Also referred to as the light zone

Answer 14

The I band

Question 15

With part of the sarcomere makes up the center of the H zone and acts as an attachment site for thick filaments?

Answer 15

The M-line

Question 16

What region of the sarcomere makes of the center of the A band and contains only thick filaments?

Answer 16

H-zone

Question 17

Which structure from the ends of the sacromere and acts as an attachment site for thin filaments?

Answer 17

Z-disks

Question 18

Which neurotransmitter is involved in sending messages between motor nerves and the muscle it innervates?

Answer 18

Acetylcholine

Question 19

What is the term for a single motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates?

Answer 19

Motor unit

Question 20

What happens at the muscular level during an eccentric contraction?

Answer 20

A.k.a.-lengthening contraction

-muscle appears to lengthen but actually shortens

Question 21

What connects skeletal muscle to bone?

Answer 21

Tendon

Question 22

What is the term used to describe a muscle or muscle group that supports a part so the agonist can work more efficiently?

Answer 22

Stabilizer

Question 23

When a muscle has the ability to receive and a respond to stimuli it possesses what functional characteristic?

Answer 23

Excitability

Question 24

What does the sliding filament theory state?

Answer 24

When muscle fibers contract muscle fibers shorten

Question 25

How are muscles named?

Answer 25

1. Direction of muscle fibers 2. Location of muscle 3. Muscle size 4. Number of origins or heads 5. Shape of muscle 6. Attachments/points of origins and insertions

Question 26

What are myosin cross bridges?

Answer 26

Myosin attaches to binding sights on actin

Question 27

What type of neuron send impulses to muscle?

Answer 27

Motor neuron