muscularskeletal system Flashcards
what is the muscularskeletal system?
bones, muscles and tissues which provide structure, movement and support to the body
how many bones in the human body?
206
how many bones in a babies body?
270-300
what are 5 different types of bones?
long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, sesamoid bones
what are long bones?
provide attachments sights for muscle movement. Eg, humerus
what are short bones?
provide support and stability but provide little movement. Eg, carpals
what are flat bones?
protect vital organs and a base for muscular attachment. Eg, ribs
what are irregular bones?
provide insertion points for muscles, tendons and ligaments. Eg, facial bones
what are sesamoid bones?
short or irregular bones that develop in tendons to protect the parts they lay over. Eg, patella
what are 3 types of joints?
fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints, synovial joints
what are fibrous joints?
these are fixed allowing no movement. Eg, skull bones
what are cartilaginous joints?
allow little movement. Eg, between joints of the vertebrae
what are synovial joints?
freely moveable. covered by cartilage at end. synovial fluid fills gap in a joint. Eg, hinge joint
what is the role of ligaments?
stabilise the joint and prevent over-stretching. bone to bone.
what is the role of tendons?
allow movement. muscle to bone.
what is the role of a joint?
allows movement in many ways. 2 or more bones meet
what are 5 roles of the skeleton?
support, protection, attachment for muscles, blood cell production, mineral storage
what is support?
keeping the body upright
what is protection?
forms a hardcover over vital organs
what is attachment for muscles?
tendons connect muscle to bone to make muscles move
what is blood cell production?
produced in the bone marrow
what is mineral storage?
bones store calcium and phosphate and can be excreted into the blood when needed
what are the 3 types of muscles?
striated, non-striated, cardiac
what is fascia?
a strong, thick sheet of tissue which smaller muscles attach to
