Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

what are the functions of the musculoskeletal system?

Answer 1

structure
movement
protection of vital organs
storage of minerals
red blood cell production

Question 2

what provide movement

Answer 2

muscles

Question 3

what support structure

Answer 3

bones

Question 4

what is continually replacing bone

Answer 4

bone

Question 5

articular cartilage, ligaments, synovial membrane, bursae, tendons

Answer 5

joints

Question 6

move a lot, have fluid

Answer 6

synovial joints

Question 7

do not move

Answer 7

non synovial joints (head/spine)

Question 8

avascular; covers the surfaces of opposing bones

Answer 8

cartilage

Question 9

enclosed sac filled with viscous synovial fluid

Answer 9

bursa

Question 10

bone to bone

Answer 10

ligament

Question 11

muscle to bone

Answer 11

tendon

Question 12

what tears when you twist your ankle

Answer 12

ligament

Question 13

what direction do infants develop

Answer 13

head to toe

Question 14

developmental considerations of an infant

Answer 14

c-curve of spine
by 2 months can lift head when prone
should be able to lift infant while holding under arms (should not slip)

Question 15

_______ are more stronger than ______ until adolescence

Answer 15

ligaments are more stronger that bones (result more fractures)

Question 16

what is more common in childhood?

Answer 16

lordosis (extreme cure of spine)

Question 17

during childhood what is the fastest growing body part?

Answer 17

legs

Question 18

growth in bones occur at _______ until age __ when growth is complete

Answer 18

epiphyses; 20

Question 19

growth plate

Answer 19

epiphyses

Question 20

due to poor posture

Answer 20

kyphosis

Question 21

developmental considerations of adolescents

Answer 21

kyphosis due to poor posture
screen for scoliosis
sports-related injuries

Question 22

one shoulder blade higher than the other due to curve of spine

Answer 22

scoliosis

Question 23

C7 T1

Answer 23

cervical prominance

Question 24

T7 T8

Answer 24

tip of scapula

Question 25

L4

Answer 25

tip of pelvis

Question 26

tip of pelvis

Answer 26

iliac crest

Question 27

developmental considerations of pregnant woman

Answer 27

lordosis in 3rd trimester waddling gait due to joint elasticity ligament stretching

Question 28

Developmental Considerations of an older adult

Answer 28

decrease in height after age 50 due to kyphosis and thinning of intervertebral discs (lack of H2O) osteoporosis marked bony promises(loss of sub q) arthritic changes..decrease in ROM increase in muscle spasms at night due to lack of h2o and electrolytes

Question 29

why is kyphosis common in an older adult

Answer 29

osteoporosis and thinning of intervertebral discs

Question 30

increased bone reabsorption leads to decrease in bone density

Answer 30

osteoporosis

Question 31

loss of muscle mass

Answer 31

muscular atrophy

Question 32

what is the most common complaint

Answer 32

joint pain

Question 33

pt does ROM

Answer 33

active ROM

Question 34

nurse does ROM for pt

Answer 34

passive ROM

Question 35

what do we feel for crepitus

Answer 35

temporomandibular joint

Question 36

how do we test for carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 36

phalen's test (outside wrist to wrist) and tinel's test (compress wrist with fingers) (both will hurt)

Question 37

systemic inflammatory disease of joints and surrounding connective tissue

Answer 37

rheumatoid arthritis

Question 38

noninflammatory localized progressive disorder involving deterioration of articular cartilages and subchondral bone and formation of new bone at joint surfaces

Answer 38

osteoarthritis

Question 39

two bones growing/sticking together

Answer 39

ankylosing spondylitls

Question 40

decrease in skeletal bone mass..when rate of reabsorption is greater than bone formation

Answer 40

osteoporosis

Question 41

swelling from excess fluid in the joint capsule..from rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 41

joint effusion

Question 42

inflammation of the bursa

Answer 42

bursitis

Question 43

tennis elbow

Answer 43

epicondylitis

Question 44

can cause swan neck, boutonniere, and ulnar drift

Answer 44

rheumatoid arthritis

Question 45

osteoarthritis causes bony overgrowth in distal interphalagenal joints

Answer 45

Heberden nodes

Question 46

osteoarthritis causes bony overgrowth in proximal interphalagenal joints

Answer 46

Bouchard nodes

Question 47

gout is normally found in

Answer 47

the big toe

Question 48

a build up of uric acid

Answer 48

gout

Question 49

straight leg raise can help indicate

Answer 49

back pain

Question 50

what is used or swelling in the knee

Answer 50

bulge sign

Question 51

infection of the bone

Answer 51

osteomyelitis

Question 52

stretching/tearing of a ligament

Answer 52

sprain

Question 53

stretching/tearing of a tendon

Answer 53

strain