Musculoskeletal System: Cat Differences

Question 1

Clavicle

Answer 1

independent vestigial bone

palpable w/in Brachiocephalicus muscle

Question 2

Scapula

Answer 2

cranial angle more curvved
scapular spine has a tuberosity
acromion process divided into hamate process & suprahamate process
corocoid process is well-developed & overhands glenoid cavity

Question 3

Humerus

Answer 3

lateral tubercle of humerus has a fossa for the hamate process of scapula
supra-condylar foramen through which an artery & nerve pass
lateral epicondyle is rounded caudally & smaller
medial epicondyle is rounded caudally & ends abruptly
condyle is distinctively divided into medial trochlea & lateral capitulum
coronoid fossa in medial to radial fossa to accomoadate the medial coronoid process of the ulna

Question 4

Radius & ulna

Answer 4

olecranon appears rectangular
body of ulna is convex along caudal border
wider space b/w bones (especially at distal end)

Question 5

Wider space b/w radius & ulna for

Answer 5

pronounced supination & pronation

Question 6

Manus

Answer 6

long bones relatively straighter
bone angles more acute
carpal organ
accessory carpal bone less elongated

Question 7

What is the carpal organ

Answer 7

specialized cutanous body overlying the accessory bone

studded w/ sensory hairs like whiskers & whole pad resembles a nodule

Question 8

Cleidobrachialis

Answer 8

extends farther down the humerus to insert on the ulna b/w the Biceps brachii & Brachialis muscles

Question 9

Functional relevance of different attachments for Cleidobrachialis in cats

Answer 9

can flex the elbow

good for crouching & hunting

Question 10

Trapezius thoracis

Answer 10

more developed in cats

Question 11

Long Head of Triceps

Answer 11

covered by Tensor fascia antebrachia

Question 12

Anconeus

Answer 12

better developed in cats

Question 13

Brachialis

Answer 13

inserts only on the ulna

Question 14

Biceps brachii

Answer 14

inserts only on the radius

Question 15

Brachialis & biceps brachii are useful for what

Answer 15

pronation & supination

Question 16

Brachioradialis

Answer 16

well developed in cats for supination

forms a rdige along the course of the cephalic vein

Question 17

Pronator quadratus

Answer 17

larger gap b/w radius & ulna, so this muscle is larger

Question 18

Advantage of larger Pronator quadratus

Answer 18

manipulation

Question 19

Supinator

Answer 19

well developed in cat

rotation occurs in antebrachium, so paw also rotates

Question 20

Advantage of Supinator

Answer 20

defense & offense

Question 21

Extensor carpii radialis

Answer 21

tendons insert onto metacarpal tuberosity of II III IV metacarpal bones on cat

Question 22

Additional attachments of extensor carpii radialis do what

Answer 22

allow for better paw movement

Question 23

Lateral digital extensor

Answer 23

insertion occurs on extensor process of middle phalanx for all functional digits

Question 24

Usefulness of small flexor, adductor, & abductor muscles of manus being better developed

Answer 24

diffusion of concussion when cats jump from a height

Question 25

Deep digital flexor

Answer 25

protrude claws when climbing a tree or catching prey contractile muscular power is greater than the elastic power of ligaments radial & ulnar heads better developed

Question 26

Why are radial & ulnar head of Deep Digital Flexor more developed in cats

Answer 26

flexion of distal interphalangeal joints to facilitate efficient claw protrusion

Question 27

Dorsal elastic ligament

Answer 27

retractable claws attaches b/w phalanx II & III retracted claw brings III phalanx to lie to the side of the II phalanx

Question 28

Pubis bone

Answer 28

wings of ilium are parallel

Question 29

Femur

Answer 29

shaft is straighter than in dogs

Question 30

Tibia, fibula, & bones of pes

Answer 30

retractable claws, otherwise similar

Question 31

Cranial crural abductor or abductor crura cranialis

Answer 31

cranial part arises from the 2nd to 4th caudal vertebrae & merges w/ the aponeurosis of the tensor fasciae lata

Question 32

Sartorius

Answer 32

undivided- no cranial & caudal parts

Question 33

Sacrotuberous ligament

Answer 33

not in cats

Question 34

Soleus muscle

Answer 34

well developed lies lateral to Lateral Head of Gastrocnemius contributes to the formation of the common calcanean tendon arises from proximal part of the fibula

Question 35

Tibal & Fibular heads of DDF

Answer 35

well developed | claw protrusion

Question 36

Small muscles of pes

Answer 36

better developed