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Anatomy > Thoracic Limb > Flashcards

Thoracic Limb Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Protractors of the thoracic limb

A

Brachiocephalicus (cleidomastoideus, cleidocervicalis, & cleidobrachialis); Trapezius (cervicis & thoracis); Omotransversarius

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2
Q

Cleidomastoideus

A

F: protractor; depresses head & neck
O: clavicular tendon
I: mastoid process of temporal bone

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3
Q

Cleidocervicalis

A

F: protractor; depresses head & neck
O: clavicular tendon
I: dorsal neck of fibrous raphe & nuchal occipital bone

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4
Q

Cleidobrachialis

A

F: protractor; extends shoulder
O: clavicular tendon
I: distal part of cranial humerus

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5
Q

Trapezius cervicis

A

F: protactor; elevates scapula & abducts limb
O: median fibrous raphe neck
I: (aponeurosis) cranial scapular spine

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6
Q

Trapezius thoracis

A

F: protractor; elevates scapula & abducts limb
O: supraspinous ligament
I: (aponeurosis) caudal scapular spine

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7
Q

Omotransversarius

A

F: protractor
O: caudal wing of atlas
I: distal part of scapular spine/ acromion process

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8
Q

Retractors of the thoracic limb

A

Latissimus dorsi; Rhomboideus (cervicis, capitis, & thoracis); Serratus ventralis (cervicis & thoracis); Superficial Pectoral (Pectoralis descendens & Pectoralis transversus); Deep Pectoral

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9
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

F: retractor; flexes shoulder
O: (aponeurosis) thoraco-lumbar fascia/ last few ribs
I: teres major tuberosity

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10
Q

Rhomboideus cervicis

A

F: retractor; elevates scapula; abducts limb; draws scapula medially towards trunk
O: median fibrous raphe of the neck
I: medial dorsal border of scapula

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11
Q

Rhomboideus capitis

A

F: retractor; elevates scapula; abducts limbs
O: nuchal crest of occipital bone
I: medial to dorsal border of scapula

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12
Q

Rhomboideus thoracis

A

F: retractor; elevates scapula; abducts limb; draws scapula medially towards trunk
O: spinous process of thoracic vertebrae
I: medial to dorsal border of scapula

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13
Q

Serratus ventralis cervicis

A

F: retractor; “sling” muscle; depresses scapula
O: transverse process of cervical vertebrae
I: medial aspect of scapula; facies serrata

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14
Q

Serratus verntralis thoracis

A

F: retractor; “sling” muscle; depresses scapula
O: ribs
I: medial aspect of scapula; facies serrata

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15
Q

Pectoralis descendens

A

F: retractor; protracts & adducts limb; rotates humerus medially
O: manubrium sterni 2nd-3rd sternebrae
I: greater tubercle of humerus

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16
Q

Pectoralis transversus

A

F: retractor; adducts & rotates humerus medially
O: manubrium sterni 2nd-3rd sternebrae
I: greater tubercle of humerus

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17
Q

Deep pectoral

A

F: retractor; pulls trunk cranially; extends shoulder
O: ventral sternum
I: (aponeurosis) greater & lesser tubercle of humerus

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18
Q

Extensors of the shoulder

A

Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapularis, & Corocobrachialis

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19
Q

Supraspinatus

A

F: extends shoulder; stabilizes shoulder joint
O: supraspinous fossa
I: greater & lesser tubercle of humerus

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20
Q

Infraspinatus

A

F: extends shoulder; abducts shoulder; rotates humerus; flexes shoulder (when non-weight bearing)
O: infraspinous fossa
I: greater tubercle of humerus

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21
Q

Subscapularis

A

F: extends shoulde; adducts shoulder; helps stabilize shoulder joint
O: subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle of humerus

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22
Q

Corocobrachialis

A

Capsular muscle
F: extends shoulder; adducts shoulder; helps stabilize shoulder joint
O: corocoid process of scapula
I: crest of lesser tubercle of humerus

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23
Q

Notes on Supraspinatus muscle tendons

A

splits to reach both insertion sites

tendons help compensate for weak collateral ligaments

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24
Q

Notes on Infraspinatus muscle tendons

A

bursa found underneath it

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25
Flexors of the shoulder
Deltoideus (Acromion & Scapular parts); Teres major; Teres minor
26
Deltoideus acromion part
F: flexes shoulder O: acromion process I: deltoid tuberosity
27
Deltoideus scapualar part
F: flexes shoulder O: (aponeurosis) scapular spine I: deltoid tuberosity
28
Teres major
F: flexes shoulder; medially rotates humerus O: proximal caudal border of scapula I: teres major tuberosity
29
Teres minor
Capsular muscle F: flexes shoulder; laterally rotates humerus O: (aponeurosis) infraglenoid tubercle & distal caudal border of scapula I: teres minor tuberosity
30
Elbow extensors
Triceps brachii (Long Head, Lateral Head, Medial Head, & Intermediate/ Accessory Head); Tensor fascia antebrachia; Anconeus
31
Long Head of Triceps brachii
F: extends elbow; flexes shoulder O: distal caudal border of scapula I: olecranon process
32
Lateral Head of Triceps brachii
F: extends elbow O: tricipital line I: olecranon process
33
Medial Head of Triceps brachii
F: extends elbow O: proximal end/ crest of lesser tubercle I: olecranon process
34
Intermediate/ Accessory Head of Triceps brachii
F: extends elbow O: proximal end/ neck of humerus I: olecranon process
35
Tensor fascia antebrachia
F: extends elbow; tenses antebrachial fascia O: fascia on lateral surface of Latissimus dorsi I: olecranon process
36
Anconeus
Capsular muscle F: extends elbow; tenses antebrachial fascia O: lateral supracondylar crest/ lateral & medial epicondyles I: proximal lateral surface of ulna
37
Note on Triceps brachii tendon
used in reflex test
38
Elbow flexors
Brachialis & Biceps brachii
39
Brachialis
F: flexes elbow O: proximal caudal end of humerus I: ulnar & radial tuberosities
40
Biceps brachii
F: flexes elbow; extends shoulder O: supraglenoid tubercle I: ulnar & radial tuberosities
41
Note on Brachialis
runs in brachial groove
42
Note on Biceps brachii tendon
runs in bicipial groove proximal tendon: tendinitis/ synovitis distal tendon: biceps reflex test
43
Antebrachium pronators & supinators
Supinator; Brachioradialis (supinator); Pronator teres; Pronator quadratus
44
Supinator
F: supinates O: lateral epicondyle of humerus I: proximal cranial surface of radius
45
Brachioradialis
F: supinates O: lateral epicondyle of humerus I: distal 1/3rd of radius
46
Pronator teres
F: pronates; flexes elbow O: medial epicondyle of humerus I: proximal 1/3rd medial border of radius
47
Pronator quadratus
F: pronates O: fills space b/w ulna & radius medially I: fills space b/w ulna & radius medially
48
Note on supinator tendon
can develop sesamoids
49
Craniolateral group muscles of antebrachium
Extensor carpi radialis; Common digital extensor; Lateral digital extensor; Extensor carpi ulnaris (Ulnaris lateralis); Abductor pollicis longus (Extensor carpi obliquus)
50
Function of craniolateral group muscles of antebrachium
extend carpus and/or digits
51
Extensor carpi radialis
F: extends carpus O: lateral epicondylar crest of humerus I: tuberoisity of II & III metacarpal bones
52
Common digital extensor
F: extends carpus; extends digits O: lateral epicondyle of humerus I: extensor processes on distal phalanx of all functional digits
53
Lateral digital extensor
F: extends carpus; extends digits O: extensor processes on middle phalanx of digits III IV & V
54
Extensor carpi ulnaris (Ulnaris lateralis)
F: extends carpus; flexes carpus when non-weight bearing O: lateral epicondylar crest of humerus I: V metacarpal bone & accessory carpal bone
55
Abductor pollicis longus (Extensor carpi obliquus)
F: extends digit O: lateral surface of ulna & radius; intraosseous membrane I: digit I
56
Note on Extensor carpi radialis
becomes tendinous at the carpus
57
Note on Common digital extensor tendon
dorsal sesamoid bones develop as tendons pass over metacarpophalangeal joints
58
Note on Abductor pollicis longus
found underneath the tendons of Common digital extensor & Lateral digital extensor. Single palmar sesamoid bone develops w/in this tendon
59
Note on Interosseous muscles
on palmar aspect of metacarpal bones | paired palmar sesamoid bones develop w/in this tendon at the metacarpophalangeal joints
60
Caudomedial muscles of the antebrachium
Flexor carpi radialis; Superficial Digital Flexor; Deep Digital Flexor (Humeral Head, Ulnar Head, & Radial Head); Flexor carpi ulnaris (Ulnar Head & Humeral Head)
61
Function of Caudomedial muscles of the antebrachium
flex carpus and/or digits
62
Flexor carpi radialis
F: flexes carpus O: medial epicondyle of humerus I: proximal extremity of II & III metacarpal bones
63
Superficial Digital Flexor
F: flexes carpus; flexes digits O: medial epicondyle of humerus I: middle phalanx of all functional digits
64
Deep Digital Flexor Humeral Head
F: flexes carpus; flexes digits O: medial epicondyle of humerus I: distal phalanx of digits I II III IV & V
65
Deep Digital Flexor Ulnar Head
F: flexes carpus; flexes digits O: proximal caudal border of ulna I: distal phalanx of digits I II III IV & V
66
Deep Digital Flexor Radial Head
F: flexes carpus; flexes digits O: medial border, middle 1/3rd of radius I: distal phalanx of digits I II III IV & V
67
Flexor carpi ulnaris Ulnar Head
F: flexes carpus O: olecranon process I: accessory carpal bone
68
Flexor carpi ulnaris Humeral Head
F: flexes carpus O: medial epicondyle of humerus I: accessory carpal bone
69
Note on Flexor carpi radialis tendon
secured by flexor retinaculum at carpus
70
Note on Superficial Digital Flexor tendon
at carpus, courses outside of carpal canal but within the flexor retinaculum at metacrapophalangeal joint, forms a sleeve through which the Deep Digital Flexor passes
71
Note on Deep Digital Flexor tendon
at carpus, passes through carpal canal not secured by flexor retinaculum at metacarpophalangeal joint, passes through SDF sleeves
72
Note on carpal canal
formed b/w accessory carpal bone laterally, carpal bones & palmar carpal ligament cranially, & flexor retinaculum caudally
73
Note on flexor retinaculum
thick fibrous connective tissue that connects accessory carpal bone w/ medial aspect of the carpus

Anatomy (5 decks)

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