mutation

Question 1

what are the 6 types of mutation

Answer 1

-substitution of bases
-deletion
-insertion
-inversion
-duplication
-translocation

Question 2

what is substitution

Answer 2

-a nucleotide in a DNA molecule is replaced with another nucleotide with a different base

Question 3

why may substitution mutation have no affect

Answer 3

-genetic code is degenerate
-codes for an intron
-codes for a non coding region

Question 4

what is the deletion of bases

Answer 4

when a DNA nucleotide is lost from the normal DNA nucleotide sequence

Question 5

how does deletion of bases affect the entire DNA sequence

Answer 5

all triplets read differently because each have been shifted to left or right of the deleted base

Question 6

why is the majority of mutations neutral

Answer 6

mutations occur in non coding regions

Question 7

what are chromasome mutations

Answer 7

-when organisms have 3 or more chromasomes
-non-disjunction–> individual homologous chromasomes fail to seperate during meoisis–> gamete has either one more or one less chromsome