Mutations

Question 1

mutations

Answer 1

heritable changes in one or more DNA base pairs, source of all new gene alleles in biology

Question 2

spontaneous mutations

Answer 2

results from abnormalities/errors in cellular/biological processes

Question 3

mutation rate

Answer 3

likelihood a gene will be altered by a new mutation
- number of new mutations in a gene per cell generation

Question 4

point mutation

Answer 4

changes in a singular nucleotide pari

Question 5

silent mutations

Answer 5

has no effect on amino acids, occurs in the third nucleotide of a codon, codes for the same amino acid

Question 6

missense mutations

Answer 6

still code for an amino acid but not the same amino acid
- caused by mutation in the first or second codon nucleotide

Question 7

nonsense mutations

Answer 7

change an amino acid codon into a stop codon

Question 8

nucleotide pair insertion or deletion

Answer 8

frameshift mutation caused by an insertion or deletion of nucleotides that alters the reading frame