MYCOLOGY AND VIROLOGY Flashcards
(127 cards)
1
Q
Members of the plant kingdom
Lack of roots and stems
Lack chlorophyll
A
Fungi
2
Q
Coenocytic hyphae
A
Aseptate hyphae
3
Q
Type of mycoses produce no cellular response by the host
A
Superficial mycoses
4
Q
Arthroconidia on the outside of the hair as well hyphae within the hair shaft
A
Ectothrix
5
Q
True yeast produce what in the asexual stage
A
Blastoconidia
6
Q
Septate hyphae have
A
Divisions
7
Q
Molds with aseptate hyphae produced a specialized hyphal structure called
A
Sporangiospore
8
Q
Basic, branching, intertwining structures of molds
A
Mycelium
9
Q
Arthroconidia are formed
A
directly from hyphae by fragmentation
10
Q
Mycelia within the colony that grow into the substrate are called
A
Vegetative hyphae
11
Q
Chlamydospores that grow within the hyphae
A
Intercalary
12
Q
Budding forms in which the daughter cell forms as a bud from a single mother cell or forms laterally from a mycelium or pseudo mycelium
A
Blastospores
13
Q
Result of asexual production
A
Ascospores
14
Q
Conidia are
A
Asexual spores
15
Q
Macroconidia are usually
A
Multicellular
16
Q
Swollen portion of the conidiophore is called
A
Vesicle
17
Q
NOT apply to true yeast
A
They exhibit thermal dimorphism
18
Q
Conidia with rough spiny surfaces are described as
A
Echinulate
19
Q
Conidia in chains are said to be
A
Catenate
20
Q
When preparing temporary mounts of fungal elements, why is the slide gently heated?
A
Increase the rate of clearing
21
Q
Acts as a clearing agent to eliminate debris and make fungal elements more prominent in skin, hair, nails
A
10% KOH
22
Q
Stain in Aman medium
A
Cotton blue
23
Q
In the Periodic Acid Schiff stain (PAS), what colors denote the presence of GLYCOGEN
A
Red to violet
24
Q
Stain used for delineation of fungal elements by fluorescent microscopy
A
Calcofluor white
25
When the fungus wall is invinsible with the Hematoxylin and Eosin stain, which of the following may be used to restain the slide
Periodic acid Schiff stain
26
Color of FUNGAL elements in acridine orange staining procedure
Fluoresces a green color
27
How does Mycosel medium differ from Sabouraud dextrose agar
Contains chlorampenicol and cycloheximide
28
Fungus medium used for the primary isolation and maintainance of fungal cultures
Sabouraud Dextrose Agar
29
Indcator in Dermatophyte Test Medium
Phenol Red
30
If 1% glucose is added to cornmeal agar, Trichopython rubrum can be differentiated from Trichophyton mentagrophytes by the production of
Pigment
31
Fungi shoul be incubated at
25-30 C
32
How long should fungus cultures be held before reporting as negative
30 days
33
Antibiotics added to media for the isolation of pathogenic fungi from contaminated material
Cycloheximide and chlorampenicol
34
Media stimulates the production of chlamydospores
Cornmeal agar
35
Media identifies species of aspergillus
Czapek's agar
36
Positive resul in the hair baiting test
V-shaped penetration of the hair shaft
37
Tinea infection is commonly referred to as
Ringworm
38
Organism that cause white piedra
Trichosporon beigelii
39
Tinea unguinum is a dermatophyte infection of the
Nail plates
40
The favus type of Tinea capitis is caused by
Trichophyton schoenleinii
41
Anthrophilic
Microsporon audouni
42
Hairs infected with which of these dermatophytes fluoresce under Wood's lamp
Microsporum canis
43
Colonization by dermatophytic fungi of the hair, nails and skin is called
Dermatophytoses
44
Fungi that cause dermatophytoses
Epidermophyton
Trichophyton
Microsporum
45
Produces macroconidia that are large, multicellular and club shaped with smooth walls
Epidermophyton floccosum
46
NOT true
T. rubrum is noted for its balloon forms
47
Produces small, vey slow growing colonies and has favic chandeliers
Trichophyton schoenleinii
48
Diagnostic for chromoblastomycosis
Sclerotic body
49
Found in yeast phase of Sporothrix schenckii on culture medium at 37 C
Cigar shaped yeast cells
50
Result of an antigen-antibody reaction in cases of sporotrichosis
Asteroid body
51
In older mold cultures of Sporothrix schenckii, single conidia borne along the sides of hyphae are referred as
Sleeve
52
Infections that is caused by dermatiaceous saprobes that invade organs of immunosuppressed host
Phaeohyphomycosis
53
Most common cause of mycetoma (maduramycosis) in the US
Pseudoallescheria boydii
54
Dermatiaceous fungi have colonies with
Surface and reverse side dark
55
Dermatiaceous fungi
Phialophora and Cladosporium
56
Sclerotic bodies are found in tissue in an infection with
Cladosporium
57
NOT cause infection of chromoblastomycosis
Exophiala
58
Fungus that grows as a mold at 35-37 C and at 25 C
Monomorphic
59
True fungi that produce hyphae and spore forms
Eumycotic
60
Causes an infection by hyaline saprobes that invade most tissues or body fluids of immunosuppresed host
Aspergillus
Penicillium marneffei
Fusarium moniliforme
61
If you observe cleistothecia containing ascospores, report organism as
Pseudoallescheria boydii
62
Actinomyces are best classified as
Fungus like bacteria
63
Anaerobic, gram positive but not acid fast and does not stain with fungal stains
Actinomyces israelli
64
Has a capsule
Cryptococcus neoformans
65
When culturing Cryptococcus on Sabouraud dextrose agar, what antibiotics should not be in the medium
Cycloheximide
66
In the direct microscopic examination of CSF, what is mistaken as lymphocyte
Cryptococcus
67
Why does Cryptococcus neoformans pproduce a brown color on Birdseed or staib agar
Assimilates creatinine
68
C. neoformans latex agglutination test on spinal fluid detects cryptococcal
Antigen
69
Candida albicans produces
Blastospores
Chlamydospores
Pseudohyphae
70
Another name of oral candidiasis
Thrush
71
Presumptive identification of Candida albicans can be made by checking the ability of the organism to produce
Germ tube
72
Cornmeal agar plus Tween 80 is used to identify Candida albicans through the organisms production of
Chlamydospores
73
Geotrichum candidum colonies appear as
Rapid, yeast like growth
74
Laboratory workers are in no danger when handling which form of dimorphic fungi
Yeast form (tissue)
75
Sepedonium produces spiny, tuberculate macroconidia but is a
Monomorphic mold
76
Produced by Geotrichum candidum
Rectangular, evenly staining arthroconidia
77
Dimorphic fungi
Histoplasma capsulatum
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
78
Tissue phase of Histoplasma capsulatum characteristically shows
Yeast cells within macrophages
79
Characteristic structures of the mycelial phase of Histoplasma capsulatum are
Tuberculate chlamydospores
80
Leishmania can be differentiated from Histoplasma because Leishmania has
Cental nuclear material
81
Test that may be sued instead of conversion when identifying dimorphic fungi
Exoantigen test
82
In the mycelial form, Blastomyces dermatitidis produces
Conidiophores that resemble lollipops
83
A yeast form with a single broad based bud would identify an organism as
Blastomyces
84
The characteristic structures of the mycelial phase of blastomycosis are
Small pear shape conidia called lollipops
85
Yeastlike forms with multiple buds
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
86
Immature spherules of Coccidioides are differentiated from yeast forms of Blastomyces because
They never bud
87
Fungi that is a major biohazard to laboratory personnel
Coccidiodes immitis
88
Exoantigen test is a
Microscopic immunodiffusion test
89
In the exoantigen test for Histoplasma capsulatum, which bands are present in a positive result
H and/or M
90
When differentiating Histoplasma capsulatum from Leishmania using special fungus stains, Leishmania stains
Will not stain
91
Bands in the Exoantigen test for Blastomyces dermatitidis is present in positive result
A
92
Fungi produces a spherule that is filled with endospores
Coccidiodes immitis
93
Zygomycosis is caused by
Mucor
| Rhizopus
94
Fungal elements in zygomycosis show hyphae that are
Broad and nonseptate
95
A mature virus particle containing a nucleic acid surrounded by protein coat, with or without envelope is called a
Virion
96
Viruses are characterized by the presence of
DNA and RNA
97
Largest DNA virus
Poxvirus
98
Smallest RNA virus
Enterovirus
99
First step in the replication of cycle of a virus
Attachment and Penetration
100
The virus capsid morphology is
Helical or icosahedral
101
From what part of the virus is the envelope acquired
Nuclear or cytoplasmic membrane
102
Where is the site of virion assembly
Nucleus or cytoplasm
103
DNA virus
Herpesviridae
104
RNA virus
Pseudomyxoviridae
105
Specimens collected for virus isolation should be kept at
4 C
106
Transport temperature of viruses
- 70 C
107
In what family of viruses, after primary infection, does an individual become latently infected and then the infection can be reactivated
Herpesviridae
108
Cytomegalovirus isolation is best accomplished using
Human emryonic fibroblasts
109
Virus causes acute acute central nervous system disease in humans and animals
Rabies
110
Specimens should be collected from a patient with suspected enteroviral meningitis
Stool
Throat swab
CSF
111
Influenza A viruses can be detected in cell cultures by
Hemadsorption assay
112
The best host system for influenza virus isolation are
Monkey kidney cells
| Embryonated hen's egg
113
What common antigen is cross reactive in all human adenoviruses
Hexon
114
NOT characteristics similar to both influenza and parainfluenza
Segmented RNA genome
115
Myxoviridae virus envelope contains both
Neuraminidase and hemagglutinin
116
Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions are elementary bodies of the
Poxvirus
117
Geman Measles is caused by
Rubella virus
118
Mild form of small pox
Alastrim
119
Laboratory procedures that is routinely used for the detection of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) in blood donors
Solid phase RIA
| ELISA
120
Most raapid mtd for diagnosis of a virus infection
Direct electron microscopy
121
Specimen collected from a patient with suspected influenza
Throat swab
122
Virus group contains a double stranded, segmented RNA genome
Reovirus
123
Enteroviruses can be differentiared from rhinoviruses by
Acid resistance
124
Virus most frequent cause of gastroenteritis in children during the winter months
Rotavirus
125
NOT resistant to ether treatment
Herpesviruses
126
Most common method for rapid electron microscopy examination is
Negative staining
127
Various virus groups can be differentiated in negatively stained specimens by their
Morphology
