Myocardial infarction Flashcards
1
Q
What is it?
A
When one or more areas of the heart don’t get enough oxygen due to reduced blood supply
2
Q
What are the risk factors?
A
Male Advancing age Obesity Smoking Hypertension Physical inactivity Hypercholesterolaemia DM Family history
3
Q
What is the presentation?
A
Dull, central, crushing chest pain Poorly localised May radiate to shoulder, arm or neck Nauseous Sweaty, pale SOB
4
Q
What are the types?
A
STEMI - complete and prolonged occlusion of coronary artery
NSTEMI - severe coronary artery narrowing, transient occlusion or microembolisation of thrombus
5
Q
What are the investigations?
A
ECG - determine between STEMI and NSTEMI/unstable angina
Troponin
Echo
Coronary angiography
6
Q
What is the management for a STEMI?
A
Transfer to cathlab IV access Analgesia Aspirin loading dose Prasugrel/ticagrelor Clopidogrel PPCI Bisoprolol ACEi, ARB, statin
7
Q
What is the management for NSTEMI?
A
Analgesia Aspirin loading dose LMWH Repeat ECG Ticagrelor if at high risk
8
Q
What are the complications?
A
Acute heart failure Chronic heart failure Post-infarction angina Stroke Sudden death
9
Q
What are the ECG findings in NSTEMI?
A
ST segment depression
T wave inversion
