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Ecology > Name that Biome! 1 > Flashcards

Name that Biome! 1 Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

Climate:

  • temperature constant
  • ranges of precepitation
A

Tropical rain forest

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2
Q

Climate:

-intensive dry seasons(6 month) spurred with rainy seasons(6 month)

A

Tropical dry forest

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3
Q

Climate:

  • more months of dry seasons
  • very short rainy seasons
A

Tropical savannah(grassland)

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4
Q

Climate:

  • variation in temperature
  • experiences freezing
  • low precipitation
  • dry pretty much year around(droughts)
A

Desert

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5
Q

Climate:

-cool, moist period interspersed with drought

A

Mediterranean woodland and shrubland(chapparal)

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6
Q

Climate:

-temperature fluctuations, experience freezing months(winter), some experience drought, and variant precipitation

A

Temperate grassland

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7
Q

Climate:
-experience summer and winter, high degree of temperature variation, large periods of stable rainfall, and droughts out west.

A

Temperate forest

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8
Q

Climate:

-extreme freezing temperatures, very short month of summer, very small amount of stable rainfall

A

Boreal forest(Taiga)

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9
Q

Climate:

-many months of freezing, cold temperatures, not a lot of fluctuation in precipitation.

A

Tundra

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10
Q

Climate:

  • lower elevation=warmer temperatures
  • higher elevation=cooler temperatures and maybe snow
  • precipitation varies with latitude
A

Mountains

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11
Q

Highest decomposition rate

A

tropical rainforest

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12
Q

Lowest decomposition rate

A

Boreal forest

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13
Q

Soil characteristics:

  • lots of rain=lots of leaching
  • warm temperature=rapid decomposition
  • low in organic matter
  • nutrient poor
A

Tropical rain forest

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14
Q

Soil characteristics:

  • nutrient rich soils
  • highly vulnerable to erosion(due to torrential downpours in rainy seasons
A

Tropical dry season

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15
Q

Soil characteristics:

  • very low permeability
  • dense impermeable layer that retains water
  • cannot support trees
A

Tropical savanna(grasslands)

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16
Q

Soil characteristics:

  • low in organic material(no O horizon)
  • lithosols(stone or mineral soils)
  • high salt concentrations
  • caliche(calcium carbonate hardpan horizon)
A

Desert

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17
Q

Soil characteristics:

  • low to moderate fertility
  • some have been heavily grazed
A

Mediterranean woodland or shabland(Chapparal)

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18
Q

Soil characteristics:

-fertile and have lots of organic mater

A

Temperate grasslands

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19
Q

Soil characteristics:
-low fertility(plant mycorrhizal fungi mutualism)
-acidic—>very low decomposition rate
-thin layer of soil
-stored carbon
(Permafrost permanently frozen soil layer)
-wetlands

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A

Boreal forest(Taiga)

20
Q

Soil characteristics:

  • very slow decomposition
  • cold conditions
  • accumulation of peat and humus
  • soil conditions dominated by permafrost
  • summer thawing of surface soils
21
Q

Soil characteristics:

  • well drained due to topography
  • thin
  • prone to erosion
  • winds from the lowlands carry soil partials and organic matter up the slopes
22
Q

Biology:

  • lots more abundant plant life (epiphytes)
  • really large trees(provide substrate for epiphytes)
  • mutualism between plants and mycorrhizal fungi
  • high diversity of organisms(bacteria, protests, fungi, plants and animals)
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A

Tropical rainforest

23
Q

Biology:

  • herbivores
  • plants are protective against herbivores
  • plants close leaves at night
  • large deciduous trees
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A

Tropical dry forest

24
Q

Biology:

  • large mammals
  • cool birds
  • small herbivors—>large predators
  • grasses
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A

Tropical Savannah(grasslands)

25
Biology: - succulents(cacti etc.) - thorns - plants and animals are highly adapted to deal with drought conditions and low availability of nutrients or plant life to eat.
Desert
26
Biology: - evergreen trees and shrubs - dense vegetation - fire resistant plants - trees have thick fire resistant bark - shrubs resprout and grow quickly - summer dieback - avoid drought and fire
Mediterranean woodland and shrubland(Chaparral)
27
Biology: -large herbivors(bison, antelop like animals) 0grasses -broad leaf plants that flower
Temperate grassland
28
Biology: - deciduous trees - western forest: conifers - fungi
Temperate forests
29
Biology: - conifers - shrubs and berries - deciduous trees(aspen and birch) - extensive migrations - caribou - moose - bears - wolves - migratory tropical birds(warblers)
Boreal forest
30
Biology: - not very many trees - (mostly) lichen and mosses - herbaceas shrubs - caribou - artic fox - (bird) rock ptarmigan - mustox - bears - wolves
Tundra
31
Biology: - mountain goats - snow leopards - American pika(rodent)
Mountains
32
``` Relevant disturbances(RD): -flooding ```
Tropical rain forest
33
RD: | -grassland fires
Tropical grasslands
34
RD: | -Fire
Chapparal
35
RD: | -fire in the west
Temperate forests
36
RD: | -fire (extensive dive to stored carbon in the soil)
Boreal forest
37
Geography: | -between 0-10 degrees latitude
Tropical rainforest
38
Geography: | -between 10-25 degrees latitude
Tropical dry forest
39
Geography: - between 10-20 degrees in latitude - next to tropical dry forests
Tropical Savannas
40
Geography: - 30 degrees latitude - where mountains cause rain shadow effect
Desert
41
Geography : - around the mediterean sea - between 30-40 degrees latitude
Chapparal
42
geography: | -between 30-55 degrees latitude
Temperate grassland
43
Geography: - between 50-65 degrees latitude - ONLY IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE
Temperate forests
44
- ONLY IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE | - between 65 degrees latitude and arctic circle
Tundra
45
Geography: -All over the earth Only belong in the northern hemisphere
Mountains
46
RD: | -avalanches
Mountains
47
Why are there differnt biomes
-the amount of solar energy recieved by the N and S hemisphere changes seasonally

Ecology (9 decks)

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