nasal cavity and sinuses

Question 1

what is the hole in skull for the nose called

Answer 1

piriform aperture

Question 2

what is the columella

Answer 2

the bridge of tissue that separates the nostrils at the bottom of nose

Question 3

what is the function of the concha

Answer 3

separates air passage into 3 regions - inferior, middle and superior meatus

Question 4

what can happen if the cribiform plate is fractured

Answer 4

causes olfactory dysfunction and anosmia

Question 5

name the paranasal sinuses

Answer 5

frontal (left and right) , ethmoid, maxillary and sphenoid sinuses

Question 6

what is the function of the nasal cavity

Answer 6

resonates voice, lightens weight of head, humidifies and warms air, supports immune defense, drains and clears paranasal sinuses and lacrimal ducts

Question 7

where does the frontal sinus drain to

Answer 7

semilunar hiatus (medial meatus)

Question 8

what supplies the frontal sinus

Answer 8

anterior ethmoidal, supraorbital and supratrochlear branches of the ophthalmic artery (which is a branch of the internal carotid artery)

Question 9

what supplies the sphenoid sinus

Answer 9

sphenopalatine artery

Question 10

what is the frontal sinus innevated by

Answer 10

thesupraorbital and supratrochlear branches of the frontal nerve

Question 11

what is the sphenoid sinus innervated by

Answer 11

ethmoidal nerve of ophthalmic branch, naso/sphenopalatine nerve and maxillary nerve branches

Question 12

where does the sphenoid sinus drain to

Answer 12

sphenoethmoidal recess superior to conchae

Question 13

what is the ethmoidal sinus innevated by

Answer 13

anterior and posterior ethmoid nerves

Question 14

what supplies the anterior and middle ethmoidal sinus

Answer 14

anterior ethmoidal artery

Question 15

where does the ethmoidal sinus drain to

Answer 15

superior meatus

Question 16

what supplies the maxillary sinus

Answer 16

posterior superior alveolar, infraorbital and posterior lateral nasal arteries (branches of maxillary artery)

Question 17

what is the maxillary sinus innervated by

Answer 17

maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve: middle, anterior, and posterior superior alveolar nerves, and infraorbital nerve.

Question 18

where does the maxillary sinus drain to

Answer 18

medial meatus

Question 19

where does the maxillary open

Answer 19

floor of the spheno-ethmoidal recess in middle meatus

Question 20

what is the infundibulum in the nasal cavity

Answer 20

a space that facilitates the drainage of the maxillary, anterior ethmoid, and frontal sinuses.

Question 21

where does the frontal sinus open

Answer 21

the middle meatus or the ethmoidal infundibulum through the fronto-nasal duct

Question 22

where does the sphenoid sinus open

Answer 22

into nasal cavity above and behind the superior concha

Question 23

where does the nasolacrimal duct open

Answer 23

beneath the inferior concha

Question 24

where do the nerves and blood vessles for the nasal cavity pass through

Answer 24

spheno -palatine formamen

Question 25

what is the function of the levator palati

Answer 25

moves soft palate up and back

Question 26

where does the levator palati arise from

Answer 26

petrous temporal bone

Question 27

where does the tensor palati arise from

Answer 27

above the root of the medial pterygoid plate

Question 28

what is the function of the tensor palati

Answer 28

tighten the palate when the tongue presses up against it

Question 29

name the three branches of the trigeminal nerve

Answer 29

the ophthalmic nerve, the maxillary nerve and the mandibular nerve

Question 30

name the three branches of the ophthalmic nerve

Answer 30

nasociliary nerve, lacrimal nerve and frontal/supraorbital nerve

Question 31

name issues associated with the olfactory system

Answer 31

Anosmia: complete loss of smell. Dysosmi: unpleasant or strange odors that occur spontaneously. Hyposmia: partial loss of smell. Parosmia:  distorted sense of smell.

Question 32

what is the septum and lateral walls of nose innervated by

Answer 32

nasopalatine nerve (branch of maxillary nerve) and the nasociliary nerve (branch of the ophthalmic nerve)

Question 33

what is the external skin on nose innervated by

Answer 33

trigeminal nerve

Question 34

where does the olfactory nerve run

Answer 34

from olfactory bulb to nasal cavity

Question 35

where are the olfactory receptors located

Answer 35

nasal epithelium

Question 36

what is the vestibule

Answer 36

the area surrounding the anterior external opening to nasal cavity

Question 37

what are the branches of the opthalmic artery

Answer 37

anterior and posterior ethmoidal artery

Question 38

what supplies the posterior ethmoidal sinus

Answer 38

posterior ethmoidal artery

Question 39

what does the anterior ethmoidal artery supply

Answer 39

the anterior and middle ethmoidal sinuses, frontal sinus, the lateral nasal wall and the nasal septum.

Question 40

what does the posterior ethmoidal artrey supply

Answer 40

the posterior ethmoidal sinuses, dura and nasal cavity.

Question 41

what does the sphenopalatine artery supply

Answer 41

superior, middle, and inferior turbinate; lateral nasal wall; and nasal septum

Question 42

what veins drain the nose

Answer 42

facial vein (anterior nasal cavity), nasal vein and maxillary branches drain into cavernous sinus or the pterygoid plexus

Question 43

what two bones form the septum

Answer 43

vomer and ethmoid

Question 44

what forms the roof of the nasal cavity

Answer 44

cribiform plate

Question 45

what is the lateral wall of the nasal cavity

Answer 45

the maxilla, the ethmoid bone and partly by the perpendicular part of the palatine bone and further back by the medial pterygoid plate

Question 46

what is the largest structure passing through the cavernous sinus

Answer 46

internal carotid artery

Question 47

what bone forms the anterior part of the nasal septum

Answer 47

vomer