nat selection + artifical selection

Question 1

how are evoultion + nat selection related

Answer 1

evolution is a natural byproduct of natural selection
ex. humans come from monkeys?

Question 2

what does it mean if two things are alike + theirs evidence

Answer 2

it means they share a common ansesctor
ex. monkeys + humans
-evidence
aposable thumbs, dna above 99%, ear shape

Question 3

who created the theory of natural selection

Answer 3

Darwin (theory of natural selection)

Question 4

artifcial selection + ex

Answer 4

its humans picking the best traits
ex
-dogs(why we have a mix of two dif breeds to combine the best traits of two dogs to create a great dog)
-pigs
-oyster
-salmon

Question 5

explain the anle video

Answer 5

they put lizards with long legs that ar meant to be on thick on an island filled with branches. Come back a year later and the legs had gotten shorter proving natural selection

Question 6

what 8-9 things prove evolution

Answer 6

1. fossil record
2. ancestor traits
3. derived traits
4. homologous structures
5. analogous structure
6. Vestigial structures
7. embryos
8. Comparitive biochemistry
9. Geographic distrubition

Question 7

how did things evolve

Answer 7

through nat selection

Question 8

explain fossil record

Answer 8

= things in rock look excatly like living organsims
ex. fish
ex. amonite
ex. archaeoptrphx

Question 9

explain ancestor traits

Answer 9

-traits inherited from common ancestor?
ex. jaws
ex. brown eyes
ex. backbones (we didn;t come up with it)

Question 10

dervived traits

Answer 10

-mutation in most recent ancestor?
ex. blue eyes
ex. first mamal to have hair
ex. birds feathers through nat selection

Question 11

homologus structures

Answer 11

same structure = same ancestor
ex. dog + human
ex. human + monkey

Question 12

analogous structure

Answer 12

similar structure different ancestor
ex. bee vs. egale
ex. horse vs. humans
ex. spiders vs. humans

Question 13

vestigal structure

Answer 13

don’t need it anymore so through evoultion we have gotten rid of it or it has gotten smaller
ex. appendex
-wisdom teeth
-tonsolgues
-no tail bone
-whales used to have legs but with no legs they are faster
-horses lost four fingers because its faster to run on just one finger

Question 14

embryos

Answer 14

similiar embroys = smiliar ancestory
ex. chicken embryo look the same as human embryo’s

Question 15

comparative biochemistry

Answer 15

same biochemical = same ancestor
ex. cows + human milk looks alike
ex. rihno horn + our fingernail
ex. feathers + feathers

Question 16

geographic distribution

Answer 16

same animal + look dif bc natural selction is working on them differntly
ex. european wolf vs. asian wolf

Question 17

use the 4 princples of natural selection on the black + white mice video

Answer 17

1. variations -> different colors of mice in the population
2. variations inherited -> the black mice inherited the gene from their parents
3. some will die -> the white mice died
4. offspring -> the black mice lived longer and found food easier so their varation was more likely to be passed down

Question 18

what are the two possible outcomes with a mutation

Answer 18

• the mutation will not be helpful + it will die out
• or the varation will be good + the natural selection proccess occurs

Question 19

bugs that camoflaouge

Answer 19

• stick bug

Question 20

fitness in animal kingdom

Answer 20

• how much food can i find
• am I not being eaten + how man
  -babies can i make (how good am I at staying alive)

Question 21

ex of things mimicing each other

Answer 21

kingsnake mimics Coral snakes
- vicerory butterfly mimics monarch butterfly
- alligator snapping turtle (camouflages + mimics worm with tongue

Question 22

what comes first mutation or the pressure?

Answer 22

the mutation because if the pressure comes first and you already don’t have something to fight it then you will die ( mutation comes first)

Question 23

if you live in kenya do you want to be normal, carrier or having sickle cell?

Answer 23

carrier bc protected against malaria
(normal = high risk of getting malaria)
(sickle cell = born w/ deadly disease)

Question 24

if you live in Colorado do you want to be normal, carrier or having sickle cell?

Answer 24

normal because there isn’t a risk of malaria here
(carrier no benfits bc protection against malaria is unesscary and 50% chance you kids are born with it)
(sickle cell = born w/ deadly disease)

Question 25

use nat selection princples to explain sickle cell vid

Answer 25

1. different genticts in population?(variations) 2. you get those variations from parents (inherited) 3. some of the people will die from sickle cell or malaria 4. the carrier genticts will get passed on because it allows you to live longer bc it protects you against malaria

Question 26

use the 4 princples of natural with anle video

Answer 26

1. varitions in leg sizes 2. those variations are inherited 3. if you are anable to adapt or you can't climb branches to find food ect. you will die 4. the easier it is to find food and the better your varaition of leg sizes lets you live more likely of getting passed on (offspring

Question 27

explain dulaps

Answer 27

it is how the lizards mate and reconize each other (people from same island/groupd have same dulap color

Question 28

how do the 4 types of natural selection relate to the princples

Answer 28

you use the principles to explain a type of natural selection

Question 29

types of natural selection

Answer 29

- sexually selection - stabilizing selection - directional selection - disruptive selection

Question 30

sexually selection

Answer 30

- males do something or looks different than females ex. peacocks have feathers to attract penhen who pick the best - also put mating above the risk of being eaten(peacocks are loud and bright so risking their life to seem like the best) - they good feathers show the female that they are good at finding food+ staying alive + no paraisties ex. peacock NOT ALL ANIMALS USE THIS ex. clownfish ex. king cobra ex. squriell

Question 31

stablizing selection

Answer 31

it is best to be in the middle of graph(average ex. sickle cell (carrier is the best) ex. baby weight not weighing too much or too little jsut average DRAW + LABEL GRAPH

Question 32

directional selection

Answer 32

- population mostly changes entirely ex. mice video(all mice black ex. height changed throughout human histroy we are taller than ancestors ex. lizards changed leg length DRAW + LABEL GRAPH

Question 33

disruptive selection

Answer 33

- middle trait is the worst - the two outsides are the best ex. cuttlefish video small -> mimic female to mate medium -> gets eaten by big ones big -> don't get eaten cuz they the biggest

Question 34

what things to cladograms tell you

Answer 34

- the common ancestor - the distance of how close they are related -traits

Question 35

what does it mean if a species has more traits or less traits

Answer 35

more traits = newer less traits = older (check answer)

Question 36

explain the 4 types of natural selection with the princples

Answer 36

1. sexually selection the males try to attract the females - variations

Question 37

natural selection

Answer 37

1. variations in population 2. variations are inherited 3. some will die 4. something will increase their chance for offspring