Nationalist Thinkers Flashcards
(5 cards)
Rousseau (liberal nationalist)
Nation- only people who share a national identity (patriotism and civic pride)can create a single consciousness robust enough to form a nation state. NO NEED FOR COMMON CULTURE
CONFLICT W HERDER
Argued that democratic institutions are more important than language in creating a nation state
E.g. USA pro-immigration policy in 1800s, multiple languages not a problem of pledge allegiance to the democratic state. 80% of Ukrainians speak Russian, but vast majority have no interest in joining autocratic Russian state.
Self-determination- nation sate should be based on a ‘generalwill’, where society and the economy are shaped by the collective will of people e.g. through reform in the 19th and 20th century, GB became a fully enfranchised constitutional monarchy
Maurras (expansionist, chauvinistic)
Similarity w conservative nationalist- belief that the uniqueness of a nation states culture can lead to a sense of cultural superiority that can legitimise imperialism e.g. British empire
Regressive nationalism- he described his nationalism as integral nationalism (opposite of liberal), where the collective nation is above indivual rights- the people are merely servants of the nation and owe the monarchy their obedience as subjects. He believed that the french were superior and yearns for a bygone age of French glory.
Difference with imperialism, believed that empire should serve the state e.g. British empire, whilst maurras can be seen to have imperialist qualities, he is a mai supporter of integral nationalism (fascism), where nations should serve the state, no individual identity
Mazzini ( romantic nationalism)
He rejected rationalism, which suggests that he thinks that there should be more state involvement in promoting freedom and democracy for people.
Agree w anticolonial- similar w ghandi’s attempt to create a democratic India. His creation of ‘young Italy’ to overthrow auto-Hungarian empire encouraged violence to secure the NATION STATE.
Disagree with expansionist like Maurras. Mazzini believed in inclusivity and a non-racial view of the nation state contrast to Maurras. E.g. Sturgeon: “the diversity they (immigrants) bring makes us strong” conflicts with the fascist view of imperialists and fascists.
Herder( conservative, cultural)
Exclusive nationalism- citizenship of a nation requires u to enjoy a common language and culture known as volkgeist, a force that unites people based on shared culture. Tradition and a rose-tinted(see things perfectly) nostalgia are vital e.g. Rembrance day in UK
Agree w anti colonialism = similar to pan nationalists on the importance of language e.g. Putin’s determination to unite Russian speakers in Ukraine w the Russia state in Russo Ukraine war
Diasgree w liberal nationist= civic nations it argue that democratic institutions are more important than language e.g. 80% of Ukrainians speak Russian but show no interest in joining the autocratic Russian state. Rather, they want to seek statehood and be recognised under the Ukrainian flag.
Diasgree w anti colonialism= would disagree w Garvey that nation states should be determined b race rather than language. Africa has over 1000 languages, makes no sense to force them into a single ‘new national consciousness’
Garvey ( anti colonialism, pan nationalism)
Standish a united Africa so they can become a superpower akin to Europe, America
He argued that Africans in every part of the world must put aside cultural and ethic differences if they r to progress which would facilitate re establishing cultural links within Africa. E.g. US black consciousness movement in 1960s.
Similar w conservatives like Maurras as both believe culture, race are important. Both r regressive
Differences w liberal= liberal believe that nation states should be determined by democratic values not race, democracy is more important than shared history of exploitation , race for creating a ‘new national consciousness.’
