Natural Law

Question 1

What is absolutism ?

Answer 1

The idas of what is right and wrong is fixed at all times and for all people

Question 2

What is the apparent good ?

Answer 2

An action which someone mistakenly thinks is a real good , but they have not reasoned correctly

Question 3

What is deontological ?

Answer 3

Ethics focuses on the rightness and wrongness of an action

Question 4

What is the double effect ?

Answer 4

The idea that if doing something good also produces a bad side effect it s still ethically possible as the bad side effect was not intended

Question 5

What is divine law ?

Answer 5

That which is revealed by God , such as the Ten Commandments

Question 6

What is eternal law ?

Answer 6

Gods will for how the universe is to be

Question 7

What is endemonia ?

Answer 7

An ultimate end in life which all actions lead towards

Question 8

What is existentialism ?

Answer 8

A philosophical movement that stresses the uniqueness of each human individual by arguing that existence comes fore essence

Question 9

What is human law ?

Answer 9

As humans are social animals they need to make regulations for society to be orderly so that people may flourish

Question 10

What is naturalistic fallacy ?

Answer 10

The mistake of defining moral terms with reference to non moral or natural terms

Question 11

What is natural law ?

Answer 11

Deontológicas theory that is based on behaviour that fits with given laws or moral rules that exist independently of human societies and systems

Question 12

What is phronesis ?

Answer 12

An ancient geek philosophical term meaning wisdom or intelligence , mainly used to refer to practical wisdom and moral decision making

Question 13

What is primary precepts ?

Answer 13

The most important rules n life

Question 14

What is the principle of double effect ?

Answer 14

An act may have more than one effect
What matters is intention

Question 15

what is the real good ?

Answer 15

Actions which are actually good and consistent with the moral principles of natural law

Question 16

What is relativism ?

Answer 16

The idea of what is right and wrong is not fixed , but is dependant on situation or culture

Question 17

What is a secondary precept ?

Answer 17

The laws which follow from primary precepts

Question 18

What is situationalism ?

Answer 18

The belief that any moral theory must take note of the facts in each case before being appplied

Question 19

What is synderesis ?

Answer 19

To follow the good and avoid evil . The rule which all precepts follow

Question 20

What is the teleological ?

Answer 20

Moral goodness is determined by the end or result

Question 21

What is telos ?

Answer 21

Greek word meaning the purpose or end of something

Question 22

What is meta ethics ?

Answer 22

From the Greek word meta meaning above and beyond
The study of the meaning of ethical concepts

Question 23

What is normative ethics ?

Answer 23

Considers ethical theories that gove advice on how we ought to behave

Question 24

What is applied ethics ?

Answer 24

Discusses specific problems in ethics

Question 25

What are the strengths of absolutism ?

Answer 25

Provides a universal code to measure everything against Easier to apply than relativism

Question 26

What are the weaknesses of absolutism ?

Answer 26

Doesn’t consider diffferemt circumstances Not concerned with the outcome fo an actin

Question 27

What are the strengths of relativism ?

Answer 27

Flexible Focuses n people Allows people to take responsibility

Question 28

What are the weaknesses of relativism ?

Answer 28

No two people may agreee on a judgement More difficult to apply than absolutism

Question 29

For Aristotle where is telos found in humans ?

Answer 29

Rational thought

Question 30

For aquí as what is the main moral rule ?

Answer 30

We do good and avoid evil

Question 31

How do aquinas and Aristotle differ on the idea of telos ?

Answer 31

Aristotle believes that the goal and purpose of human life is endemonia and aquinas believes it is to go to heaven

Question 32

What did arototle consider in his works on physics and meta physics ?

Answer 32

Not only does everything has a purpose but that its supreme good is found when it fulfils that purpose

Question 33

What does Aristotle e believe a happy society is ?

Answer 33

One where all individuals and groups work for their own good in relation to everyone else

Question 34

What did aquinas believe each law depended on ?

Answer 34

Each law depended on the authority of the level above , with god being the ultimate source of all authority

Question 35

Did aquiasn believe we all had natural law inside of us ?

Answer 35

He believed that everyone has the sense of natural law within us

Question 36

What are the five primary precepts ?

Answer 36

Preservation of life Reproduction Educating the young Living in a society Worshiping god

Question 37

What are the five primar precepts for /

Answer 37

In order for us to live in a civilised society where we are free to survive and flourish

Question 38

What is the primary precept of preservation of life ?

Answer 38

We are to preserve life Natural and reasonable for a person to be concerned with preserving its own being

Question 39

What is the primary precept of reproduction ?

Answer 39

Rational to ensure that life continues and this is the meaning purpose of sexual intercourse

Question 40

What is the primary precept of educating the young ?

Answer 40

Humans are intellectual creatures and t is natural for us to learn

Question 41

What is the primary precept of living in a society ?

Answer 41

We are social beings and it is good to live in an ordered society where it is possible to fulfil or purpose

Question 42

what is the primary precept of worshipping god ?

Answer 42

We are also spiritual beings and we should recognise god as the source of life and live in a way that pelases him

Question 43

Why do we need secondary precepts ?

Answer 43

We need clearer instructions The primary precepts are absolute and universal They are more specific rules which can be deduced from the primary precepts

Question 44

What is the diffference between the primary precepts and the secondary precepts ?

Answer 44

Primary are fixed , they are what is good for humans Secondary - may have some flexibility as we have to consider how the primary precepts are to be applied in each section

Question 45

What deos aquinas regard each precept as ?

Answer 45

As part of a path towards the ultimate purpose in life

Question 46

What are the secondary precepts of preservation of life ?

Answer 46

Do not commit suicide Don’t turn off life support machines Don’t murder

Question 47

What are the secondary precepts of reproduction ?

Answer 47

Don’t have abortion Don’t use contraception Permit ivf Male masturbation is wrong

Question 48

What are the secondary presets of educating the young ?

Answer 48

Send kids to school Bring children up in a good christian home

Question 49

What are the secondary precepts of living in a society ?

Answer 49

Do not murder Don’t break rules Don’t cause unnecessary conflict

Question 50

What are the secondary precepts of worshipping god ?

Answer 50

Pray Go to church Follow the 10 commandments

Question 51

What is the link between aquinas and celibacy ?

Answer 51

Aquinas was celibate This goes against primary precept two

Question 52

According to Sartre what is the key difference between humans and man made objects ?

Answer 52

Objects which are given a purpose they must carry out that purpose However for humans we must decide for ourselves what our essence is and it can change

Question 53

What is divine command theory ?

Answer 53

All morality comes straight from god Ten Commandments is an example

Question 54

What is the doctrine of double effect ?

Answer 54

The idea that if ding something good also proudcues a bad side effect , it is still ethically permissible as the bad effect was not intended

Question 55

What is aquinas view on the double effect ?

Answer 55

What matters is the effect that was intended . He argued that it is the intention that matters , if you noten the good effect then you are not responsible for the bad effect