Natural Selection

Question 1

4 reasons natural selection occurs

Answer 1

1.individuals within a species show variation
2. Individuals complete for resources
3. Only individuals best adapted to their environment survive
4. Only survivors will pass on their genes

Question 2

Bacteria

Answer 2

Some bacteria can cause disease, some bacteria can be treated by antibiotics

Question 3

What happens if the whole course of antibiotics arent finished

Answer 3

Some bacteria will survive

Question 4

Name a disease that has become resistant to antibiotics

Answer 4

MRSA

Question 5

How does genetic variation work

Answer 5

It causes a random mutation to occur- if mutation causes bacteria to survive and become resistant to treatment, it will multiply by passing on genes

Question 6

Artificial selection

Answer 6

When humans choose certain organisms because they have useful characteristics

Question 7

Selective breeding

Answer 7

Breeding animals with a desired feature together to ensure offspring have the desired feature

Question 8

5 purposes of selective breeding

Answer 8

1. Increase yield
2. Disease resistant
3. Resistant to environmental conditions
4. Faster growth
5. Different flavour

Question 9

Genetic engineering

Answer 9

Changing DNA of 1 organism often by inserting genes from another creating a genetically modified organism

Question 10

Restriction enzymes are used to make ….

Answer 10

1. Cuts in DNA molecule e.g. insulin to isolate it
2. Make cuts in plasmids

Question 11

How are sticky ends of insulin genes and the plasmids are joined together

Answer 11

By an enzyme ligase

Question 12

What happens eith the plasmid containing the new genes

Answer 12

It is inserted back inti the bacteria and can be grown in large numbers

Question 13

Order the classification

Answer 13

Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus. Species