Nature And Variety Of Life

Question 1

What characteristics does all living organisms share?

Answer 1

Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition
Control

Question 2

Which living organisms are eukaryotes ?

Answer 2

Animals
Plants
Fungi
Protoctists

Question 3

Which living organism is prokaryote?

Answer 3

Prokaryote

Question 4

Describe plants

Answer 4

Multicellular
Cell contains chloroplast for photosynthesis
Cells have cellulose cell walls
Store carbohydrates as starch or sucrose

Question 5

Describe features of animals

Answer 5

Multicellular
No cell wall
Usually able to move from one place to another
Store carbohydrates as glycogen

Question 6

Describe features of fungi

Answer 6

Their body usually organised into mycelium made from thread like structure ps called hyphae, which contain many nuclei

Some examples are single-celled
Cell walls made of chitin
Feed by extracellular secretion of digestive enzymes onto food- saprotrophic nutrition

Store carbohydrates as glycogen

Question 7

Describe features of protoctists

Answer 7

Single-celled
For example amoeba- have features like animal cell
For example chlorella-more like a plant

Question 8

Features of prokaryotes

Answer 8

Only has one cell
Smaller
Simple
DNA in the cytoplasm

Question 9

Features of eukaryotes

Answer 9

Multicellular
Bigger
Complex
DNA in the nucleus

Question 10

Features of bacteria

Answer 10

Bacteria is a prokaryote
Single-celled
Have cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm and plasmids

Lack nucleus but contain a circular chromosome of DNA

Some photosynthesis, some feed of other

Question 11

What is use of bacteria ?

Answer 11

Rod-shaped bacterium used in production of yoghurt from milk

Question 12

What bacteria causes pneumonia?

Answer 12

Pneumococcus

Question 13

What is saprotrophic nutrition ?

Answer 13

Fungi secrete extracellular
Enzymes directly on the food, then break down the food into molecules

Question 14

What is a pathogen?

Answer 14

Organism that causes disease

Question 15

Features of virus

Answer 15

Not living organism
Parasitic- only reproduce inside other living cells
Smaller than bacteria
Infect every type of living organism
Consist of either DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat

Question 16

What disease is caused by HIV ?

Answer 16

AIDS

Question 17

What disease is caused by tobacco mosaic virus?

Answer 17

Tobacco mosaic disease- prevent chloroplast forming

Question 18

What disease does influenza cause?

Answer 18

Flu

Question 19

Organelles of an animal cell?

Answer 19

Nucleus
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria

Question 20

Organelles of a plant cell ?

Answer 20

Nucleus
Chloroplasts
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Vacuole
Cell wall
Cell membrane

Question 21

Function of cytoplasm

Answer 21

Jelly like substance
Where all the chemical reaction occur

Question 22

Function of nucleus ?

Answer 22

Controls the activities of the cell
Contains DNA

Question 23

Function of mitochondria

Answer 23

Carry’s out respiration
Releases energy

Question 24

Function of chloroplast

Answer 24

Absorbs the light energy for photosynthesis

Question 25

Function of vacuole

Answer 25

Contains cell sap, helps to support the cell

Question 26

Function of cell membrane

Answer 26

Controls the substances that go in and out the cell

Question 27

Function of cell wall

Answer 27

Made of cellulose Supports the cell and strengthens it

Question 28

Function of ribosomes

Answer 28

Making proteins