Movement Into And Out Of The Cells

Question 1

What is diffusion ?

Answer 1

Movement of particles, from area of high concentration to area of low concentration (down the concentration gradient) until, concentration is equal

Question 2

What is dilute solution?

Answer 2

High water potential
Low concentration of sugar molecules

Question 3

What is concentrated solution ?

Answer 3

Low water potential
High concentration of sugar molecules

Question 4

What is osmosis ?

Answer 4

Diffusion of water molecules from a dilute solution (high water potential) to a concentrated solution (low water potential) across partially permeable membrane

Question 5

4 ways to increase the speed of diffusion?

Answer 5

Increasing surface area
Decreasing diffusion pathway
Increasing the concentration gradient
Increasing the temperature

Question 6

How does increasing surface area speeds up the rate of diffusion ?

Answer 6

More area for substances to travel across

Question 7

How does decreasing diffusion pathway speeds up the rate of diffusion ?

Answer 7

Less distance from substances to travel

Question 8

How does increasing concentration gradient speeds up the rate of diffusion ?

Answer 8

A greater concentration difference on either side of a membrane

Question 9

How does increasing temperature speeds up the rate of diffusion ?

Answer 9

Particles gain more kinetic energy and move faster

Question 10

What is active transport?

Answer 10

Allows cells to move from a low concentration to a high concentration. This movement is against the concentration gradient. Active transport require energy, which is released during respiration

Question 11

What surface area to volume ratio?

Answer 11

The rate of diffusion, osmosis and active transport is higher in cells with larger surface area to volume ratio
Smaller cell has a larger surface area to volume ratio-this means substances would move into and out of the cell faster