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Module 13 > Nav 1 > Flashcards

Nav 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is standard air pressure and temperature at sea level?

A

15 Degrees and 1013.2 Mb

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2
Q

What type of pressure is picked up by a ‘Pitot tube’ ?

A

Ram Air Pressure

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3
Q

What are the components of a ‘Pressure Altimeter’ ?

A

Aneroid chamber that inside has 2 evacuated bellows or a diaphragm

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4
Q

At the Barosetting QNH, the altimeter shows …………. at landing?

A

Altitude above sea level

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5
Q

At the Barosetting QFE, the altimeter shows …………. at landing?

A

0 (Field Elevation)

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6
Q

During cruise the altimeter setting is ………. And shows the ………..?

A

QNE and Flight Level

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7
Q

An ASI in a pressurised aircraft, a leak in the static-tube and in the pitot tube will cause?

A

Under Reading

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8
Q

What is IAS and CAS and what is the difference?

A

Uncorrected reading of an Altimeter is IAS and airspeed taking into account instrument error and airflow error is calibrated airspeed.

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9
Q

What is TAS?

A

True Airspeed is the same as CAS at standard conditions. TAS takes into account temperature and altitude.

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10
Q

What is GS?

A

Ground Speed represents the actual speed on the airplane over the ground and is adjusted for wind.

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11
Q

What is Vmo and Mmo and for what are they used?

A

Maximum operating limit speeds that should not be exceeded. Pilots are alerted if the limit is exceeded.

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12
Q

What are the inputs to an Air Data Computer?

A

Discretes, Total Temp, Pitot and Static pressures, baro setting, AOA

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13
Q

How does an ADC converts pneumatic pressure into electrical data?

A

Through an Oscillator or transducer that outputs an analogue signal then through an ADC for a digital output.

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14
Q

Name the different types of Gyros?

A

Vertical, Directional, Rate, Rate Integrating and Laser

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15
Q

What is a vertical gyro used for?

A

Measuring pitch and roll (Axle points to earth)

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16
Q

Where is maximum apparent drift for a directional and vertical gyro?

A

Both 15 degrees, directional at the pole and vertical and the Equator

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17
Q

How is the vertical Gyro vertically erected?

A

Electrically using a torquer. A gravity sensing liquid.

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18
Q

Name the vertical gyros angle outputs?

A

85 degrees pitch and 360 degrees roll.

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19
Q

The Directional Gyro will drift due to?

A

Precession Errors (Apparent Drift)

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20
Q

What instruments is a rate gyro used in?

A

Turn and slip indicator and turn co-ordinator.

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21
Q

What does the bank angle of a correct flown turn depend on?

A

Aircraft Speed

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22
Q

What is sensed by laser Gyros and where are they used?

A

Angular Rate and they are used in IRS systems.

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23
Q

What is variation and what is the reason for it?

A

The error between the geographic poles and magnetic poles. Aeronautical charts are marked with lines of equal variation, isogonic lines.

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24
Q

When is a Magnet compass reading correct?

A

When the aircraft is horizontal, No acceleration and the reading is corrected with the deviation card.

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25
Q

Where is the flux valves stored and for what is it used?

A

At a point where there in minimal magnetic interference and it electronically valves the earths electronic field to sense the direction of magnetic north.

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26
Q

What is the advantage of a gyro stabilized compass system over a compass system?

A

It gives the directional gyro all the advantages of a magnetic compass without its most disturbing faults.

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27
Q

What is the build-up of a flux valve?

A

Highly Permeable Iron Frame made from a segmented circle with 3 legs radiating out from its centre. Excitation coil in the centre and pick up coils around each of the 3 legs.

28
Q

Why are some compasses equipped with a synchronizing knob?

A

To fast synchronise the compass

29
Q

Newer compass systems will not use flux valves anymore, how will they determine magnetic heading?

A

IRUs by using the true heading, Magnetic variations are stored in the IRS memory.

30
Q

What error is inherent in magnetic compasses?

A

Deviation

31
Q

Explain Latitude and Longitude?

A

Latitude is N/S and Longitude is E/W

32
Q

What are the Co-Ordinates of Zurich Airport?

A

N47 Deg 26,7

E8 Deg 34,0

33
Q

What are the components inside an INS system?

A

Mode Selector Unit, CDU, INU, HSI, Battery Unit

34
Q

Newer systems use strap down technology, why is this?

A

Gyros and accelerometers are mounted solidly to the system chassis which in turn is mounted to the aircraft.

35
Q

The ADF shows the direction towards a?

A

Non directional and broardcasting ground station

36
Q

Name the Localiser frequency band?

A

108.10 -111.95 all odd 1/10 Mhz steps (even steps are reserved for VOR)

37
Q

What is the glide path frequency band?

A

330 Mhz roughly

38
Q

How is the ILS receiver tuned?

A

Via the control panel or the MCDU

39
Q

What is the operational frequency of RA?

A

4.3 Ghz

40
Q

What is the purpose of GPWS?

A

Aural warnings are used in the GPWS when the aircraft is in a dangerous position relative to ground

41
Q

What does EGPWS incorporate?

A

Terrain and display functions using an internal terrain database.

42
Q

The space segment of GPS contains how many satellites in how many orbits?

A

24 (21 active and 3 spare) in 6 orbits

43
Q

How long does it take a GPS satellite to orbit the earth and at what altitude?

A

12 hours and 11,000 Nm

44
Q

In GPS what is the control segment comprised of?

A

4 monitor stations and 1 master control station

45
Q

What type of clocks are used in satelites, and how many?

A

Atomic clocks x 4

46
Q

GPS transmits 2 signals (P) precision mode and (C/A) course/acquisition mode who uses what?

A

(P) precision mode is used for the military and (C/A) course/acquisition mode used by civilians.

47
Q

What is the purpose of the WX Radar?

A

To detect and display severe weather areas so the pilot can avoid.

48
Q

What are the possible WX Modes?

A

Map (ground mapping), WX (radar in normal range), WX/TURB Turbulant Areas shown in magenta within 40 NM range.

49
Q

The turbulence radar mode is based on what principle?

A

Pulse waveform show the echo frequency from the transmitted pulse .

50
Q

What is the radiated power of Wx?

A

125W to 65 Kw

51
Q

What is the purpose of an attitude signal to the antenna in a weather radar system?

A

Antenna Stabilization

52
Q

What are the dangers when operating the weather radar?

A

Damage to human cells and ignition of a combustible material.

53
Q

What is the purpose of the DME system?

A

Provides a digital read out of slant range distance from a selected ground station.

54
Q

What is the frequency range of DME?

A

around 1025 Mhz to 1150 Mhz

55
Q

The frequency of a ground transmitter in DME is always …… Mhz above or below the interrogator frequency?

A

63

56
Q

What does JITTERING mean in DME?

A

Allows the interrogator to find its own pulses.

57
Q

DME systems’ have a built in delay of?

A

50 microseconds

58
Q

What are the 3 ATC modes and the information they contain about the aircraft?

A

A - Identification
C - Altitude
S - Comms Link

59
Q

What is the time spacing of ATC mode A and mode C?

A

A - 8 microseconds

C - 21 Microseconds

60
Q

When is the P2 pulse transmitted in ATC?

A

2 microseconds after P1

61
Q

In ATC what are the interrogation and reply frequencies?

A

1030 and 1090 Mhz

62
Q

What is the advantage of mode S over mode A?

A

???

63
Q

What does an FMS do?

A

compares a pilot selected flight plan with the actual horizontal and vertical aircraft position

64
Q

What gives the AFS steering and thrust commands?

A

The FMS

65
Q

Where is the FMS flight plan selected?

A

On the CDU

Module 13 (22 decks)

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