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NC101 Flashcards

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1
Q

are systems that are formed by links

A

networks

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2
Q

is a collection of hosts connected by networking devices such as computers

A

computer networks

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3
Q

network devices link together using variety of connections:

A
  • copper cabling
  • fiber-optic cabling
  • wireless connection
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4
Q

types of networks

A
  • LAN
  • WAN
  • WLAN
  • Peer-to-peer networks
  • Client / server networks
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5
Q

a group of interconnected computers under one administrative control group

A

LAN

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6
Q

a network that connects LANs in geographically separate locations

A

WAN

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7
Q

group of wireless devices that connect to access points within specified area

A

WLAN

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8
Q

devices which are connected directly to each other

A

Peer-to-peer networks

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9
Q

client request information or services from the server

A

client/server networks

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10
Q

is the amount of data that can be transmitted within a fixed time period

A

bandwidth

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11
Q

bandwidth are denoted by following:

A
  • bps - bits per second
  • Kbps - kilobits per second
  • Mbps - megabits per second
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12
Q

is the amount of time it takes data to travel from source to destination

A

latency

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13
Q

latency three modes:

A
  • simplex - one-way transmission
  • half-duplex -to flow in one direction at a time
  • full - duplex - to flow in both directions at the same time
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14
Q

is a unique number that is used to identify a network device

A

IP Address

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15
Q

IP Address can represented in two ways:

A
  • 32-bit binary number
  • dotted decimal
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16
Q

IP Classes

A
  • Class A - large networks
  • Class B - medium-sized networks
  • Class C - small networks
  • Class D - special use for multicasting
  • Class E - used for experimental testing
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17
Q

IP Address used to indicate the network and the host portion of an IP address

A

subnet masks

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18
Q

an IP Address configured by typing the proper IP Address and subnet asks

A

manually

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19
Q

an IP Address configured by using DHCP (Dynamic Host Configured Protocol)

A

dynamically

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20
Q

is the hardware that enables a computer to connect to a network and it has two addresses

A

Network Interface Card (NIC)

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21
Q

address that is “burned-in” or permanently programmed

A

Media Access Control (MAC)

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22
Q

automatically provides computers with an IP address

A

Dynamic Host Configured Protocol (DHCP)

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23
Q

the DHCP server can assign these to hosts:

A
  • IP address
  • Subnet mask
  • Default gateway
  • Domain Name System (DNS) server address
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24
Q

govern communication within and between computers on a network

A

internet protocols

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25
used by devices on a network to send control and error messages
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
26
is a simple command-line utility used to test connections between computers
PING (Packet Internet Groper)
27
network devices:
- hub - bridges and switches - routers - wireless access points - multipurpose devices
28
concentrators, also known as extenders, extend signal range by receiving
hub
29
a packet along with its MAC address information called frame
bridges and switches
30
bounded by bridges
segments
31
has the intelligence to determine if an incoming frame is to be sent to a different segment
bridge
32
has several ports and refers to a table of MAC addresses
switch
33
are devices that connect entire networks using IP addresses
routers
34
the system allows network access to wireless devices like laptops
wireless access points
35
combines the functions of a switch, router, and wireless access point into one
multipurpose devices
36
twisted wires form a data transmission circuit, providing protection against crosstalk
Twisted-Pair Cabling
37
two types of twisted-pair cabling:
- unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) -shielded twisted-pair (UTP)
38
a cooper-core network cable surrounded by a heavy shielding
coaxial cable
39
a maximum length of 500m
Thicknet or 10Base5
40
a maximum length of 185m
Thinnet or 10 Base2
41
most commonly used for cable television in the US
RG-59
42
higher quality cable than RG-59
RG-6
43
a light-transmitting optical fiber strand transmits information
Fiber-Optic Cable
44
two types of glass fiber-optic cable
- multimode - single-mode
45
a physical topology defines the way in which computers, printers, and other devices
LAN Physical Topologies
46
each computer connects to a common cable with terminator
bus
47
hosts are connected in a physical ring, with a token
ring
48
two ring topologies:
- single-ring - dual-ring
49
the system has a central connection point like hub
star
50
is a type network that includes an additional device connected to the main one
hierarchical or Extended Star Topology
51
connects all devices and is utilized in WANs that interconnect LANs
Mesh Topology
52
common types are broadcast and token passing
logical topologies
53
data transmission is first come, first served
broadcast
54
is a network control mechanism that involves sending an electronic token sequentially
token passing
55
two types of LAN Topologies
- LAN Physical Topologies - Logical Topologies
56
LAN Physical Topologies:
- bus - ring - star - hierarchical or extended star topology - mesh topology
57
the overall structure of a computer or communication system determines its capabilities
LAN Architecture
58
mandates that networks utilize the carrier sense
ethernet
59
based on token-passing access control
token ring
60
a fiber-optic network with high-speed performance
fiber distributed data interface (FDDI)
61
ethernet protocols control communication on networks
ethernet standards
62
uses a star topology with a speed of 10 mbps
10BASE-T
63
the "X" symbol indicates the potential use of various copper
100BASE-TX "FastEthernet"
64
1 Gbps is ten times faster than Fast Ethernet
1000BASE-TX "Gigabit Ethernet"
65
is the standard for wireless network connectivity, including Wi-Fi
IEEE 802.1
66
a specialized operating system designed to support workstations
Network Operating System
67
enable users to share and access resources on other computers without a file server or centralized
Peer-to-peer
68
advantages of Peer to peer
- less initial expense - no need for a dedicated server - setup - an operating system in place
69
disadvantages of peer to peer
- decentralized - no central repository for files - security - does not provide the security available on a client
70
centralize functions and applications in dedicated file servers, providing access to resources and security
Client / Server
71
advantages of client/server
- centralized - resources and data security are controlled - scalability - any or all elements can be replaced individually - flexibility - new technology can be easily integrated into system - interoperability - all components work together - accessibility - server can be accessed remotely
72
disadvantages of client / server
- expense - requires initial investment - maintenance - large networks will require a staff - dependence - operations will cease across the network
73
network operating systems software
- Macintosh OS X - Microsoft Windows Server - UNIX / Linux
74
also known as a hypervisor enables the running of multiple operating systems on a single PC. It allows one computer to host multiple IT resources
Virtualization Software

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