NEISSERIA

Question 1

what does the neisseria species resemble

Answer 1

coffee bean
kidney beans

Question 2

rod like neisseria

Answer 2

n. weaveri
n. elongata
n. bacilliformis

Question 3

catalase neg and cytochrome oxidase neg

Answer 3

n. elongata subspecies nitroreducens
n. bacilliformis

Question 4

what type of bacteria is neisseria

Answer 4

capnophilic (3-10%) and humidophiles

Question 5

req temp of neisseria

Answer 5

between 35 and 37

Question 5

natural habitat of neisseria and what are the pathogens

Answer 5

mucous membranes of the respiratory tract
urogenital tract

n. gonorrhea
n. meningitidis

Question 6

Required in enriched media for growth

Answer 6

iron

Question 7

primary media used in n. gonorrheae

Answer 7

cap

Question 7

supplements needed in enriched cap

Answer 7

cysteine
x factor
v factor

Question 7

derived from: LYSED RBCs

Answer 7

X factor

Question 8

can be derived from RBCs, but abundantly produced by some bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and can be obtained from yeast, yeast extracts and potato extracts.

kanang gina add for growth

Answer 8

v factor

Question 9

why the neisseria family must be inoculated immediately on their respective primary isolation media.

Answer 9

because they are highly sensitive to temperature changes and must be protected in the cold

Question 10

competes human hosts for IRON

Answer 10

transferrin

Question 11

resists phagocytosis

Answer 11

Polysaccharide Capsule

Question 12

for attachment to host’s mucus membranes

Answer 12

Pili

Question 13

function of por (protein 1)

Answer 13

channel for passage of nutrients and waste products

Question 14

function of porb

Answer 14

protective against host’s inflammatory response

Question 15

function of opa (protein ii)

Answer 15

facilitate adherence of organisms to phagocytic and epithelial cell

Question 16

manifested by purpura and petechial rash.

Answer 16

Capillary leakage

Question 16

function of lipoligosaccharide

Answer 16

contain the endotoxin portion of the organism

Question 16

can stimulate macrophages to produce increased amounts “pro-inflammatory” cytokines

Answer 16

endotoxins

Question 16

function of IgA protease

Answer 16

cleaves IgA antobodies in mucus membranes

Question 16

“pro-inflammatory” cytokines

Answer 16

▪ Tumor necrosis factor
▪ Interleukin 1
▪ Chemokines
▪ And other inflammatory mediator

Question 16

what is tachycardia

Answer 16

increased heartbeat

Question 16

primary present due to endotoxin

Answer 16

purpura petechial rash

Question 17

what is septic shock

Answer 17

abrupt cessation of the functions of vital organs due to decrease oxygen delivery.

Question 18

n. gonorrheae is primarily acquired in? and where does it occur

Answer 18

sexual contact urethra endocervix anal canal pharynx conjuctiva

Question 18

what is flow of seed

Answer 18

urethral discharge mistaken for semen

Question 18

what is clap

Answer 18

throbbing pain caused by the infection

Question 18

why is neisseria confused with syphilis

Answer 18

it resembles the lesions in syphilis

Question 19

Primary reservoir of n.gonorrheae

Answer 19

asymptomatic carriers

Question 19

incubation period of NG

Answer 19

2-7 days

Question 20

NG results in men

Answer 20

purulent discharge dysuria

Question 20

an infection of one or more of the upper reproductive organs, including the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries

Answer 20

pelvic inflammatory disease

Question 20

amino acids in AHU strain

Answer 20

arginine hypoxanthine uracil

Question 21

common site of NG in women

Answer 21

endocervix

Question 22

what is perihepatitis

Answer 22

chronic manifestation of the pelvic inflammatory disease

Question 22

what is ectopic pregnancy

Answer 22

fertilized egg implants that grows outside the main cavity of uterus

Question 22

Gonococcal eye infection in the newborn

Answer 22

opthalmia neonatorum

Question 22

treatment of opthalmia neonatorum

Answer 22

crede's prophylaxis erythromycin drops

Question 22

why two swabbed specimens must be collected.

Answer 22

one for microscopy one for inoculation to primary media

Question 23

NG: sources of specimens

Answer 23

genital sources

Question 23

a swab must be inserted up to how many cm

Answer 23

2m

Question 24

rectal swab must be inseted in how many cm

Answer 24

4-5cm

Question 25

preferred swab to be used

Answer 25

dacron swab

Question 25

why must swabs plated immediately in the primary selective media

Answer 25

extreme susceptibility to drying and temperature change

Question 26

anticoagulant in blood culture system

Answer 26

SPS - sodium polyanethol sulfonate

Question 26

collected to diagnose DGI

Answer 26

blood specimens

Question 26

it is added to neutralize sps

Answer 26

gelatin

Question 27

These contain selective media and a CO2 atmosphere to provide optimal conditions until the specimen reaches the laboratory.

Answer 27

commercial transport systems

Question 27

NG: direct microscopy examinations must be prepared from

Answer 27

urogenital specimens

Question 28

what pattern must be done in cts

Answer 28

z pattern

Question 29

why nasopharyngeal specimens are not recommended for gram stain

Answer 29

due to the presence of commensal neisseria

Question 30

NG: how many days in cap to examine the growth

Answer 30

7 days

Question 31

inhibitor of thayer martin

Answer 31

vancomycin colistin nystatin

Question 32

inhibitor of modified thayer martin

Answer 32

vancomycin colistin nystatin trimethoprim lactate

Question 32

inhibitor of martin lewis

Answer 32

Vancomyci Colistin Trimethoprim Lactate Anisomcyin

Question 32

inhibitor of new york city agar

Answer 32

Vancomycin Colistin Trimetophrim Lactate Amphotericin B

Question 32

piliated, virulent colonies Smaller and raised, appear bright in reflected light

Answer 32

T1 and T2

Question 32

non piliated, avirulent Larger, flatter colonies

Answer 32

T3-T5

Question 33

why fresh culture is recommended for workup

Answer 33

organism can produce their own autolytic enzyme

Question 34

in indirect microsopy, what will occasionally grow in rods

Answer 34

kingella acinetobacter

Question 35

oxidase reagentsin COT

Answer 35

1% dimethyl p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride 1% tetramethyl p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride

Question 36

definitive test of NG

Answer 36

carbohydrate utilization test using cysteine trypticase agar

Question 37

what organism is present in CUT

Answer 37

n. gonorrhae due to it ferments glucose

Question 38

Based on colour changes after bacterial enzymes hydrolyse the CHO substrates

Answer 38

Chromogenic Substrates Methods of CHO utilization

Question 39

Combine substrates of other biochemical tests

Answer 39

Multitest Method

Question 40

contain beta lactam rings in their structure

Answer 40

Beta-lactam drugs

Question 41

binds to the penicillin-binding proteins

Answer 41

Beta-lactam ring

Question 41

enzyme in beta lactamase test

Answer 41

beta lactamase

Question 42

Examples of bacteria that produce beta-lactamase

Answer 42

Neisseria Escherichia coli Staphylococci

Question 43

Beta lactamase test

Answer 43

determines the ability of the bacterial isolate to produce the beta-lactamase enzyme that hydrolyze beta-lactam rings, making them resistant to penicillin and other beta lactam drugs.

Question 44

method of BLT

Answer 44

cefinase test

Question 45

reagent of CT

Answer 45

cefinase disk

Question 46

CDC recommended treatment for uncomplicated gonorrhea.

Answer 46

Ceftriaxone cefixime ciprofloxacin ofloxacin levofloxacin

Question 46

CURRENT RECOMMENDED TREATMENT for NG

Answer 46

cephalosporin