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Neisseria Flashcards

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1
Q

80% of gonocoaal urethritis is caused by what?

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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2
Q

What are the 2 forms of Neisseria?

A
  • Conococci

- Meningococci

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3
Q

What are characteristics of BOTH Neisseria?

A
  • Gram (-) diplococci with flattened slides
  • Both ferment glucose
  • IgA protease
  • Catalse (+)
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4
Q

Which Neisseria ferment Maltose and Glucose?

A

MeninGococci

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5
Q

Which neisseria only ferments Glucose?

A

Gonococci

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6
Q

Neisseria gonnorrhoeae causes what?

A
  • Urethritis
  • Cervicitis
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
  • Fitz Hugh Curtis syndrome (2nd m.c.)
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7
Q

If Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) spreads to the abdomen is can cause what?

A

Fits-Hugh -Curtis syndrome (most common cause is C. trachomatis and second is N. gonorroheae)

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8
Q

Which Neiserria species has a capsule?

A

Meningococci

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9
Q

Neisseria Meningitidis causes what?

A
  • Meningococcemia
  • Meningitis
  • Waterhouse Friderichsen syndrome
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10
Q

Which neisseria species does not ferment maltose?

A

N. Gonorrhoeae

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11
Q

Which Neisseria species has a vaccine?

A

N. Meningitis

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12
Q

Which neisseria species is transmitted sexually?

A

N. gonorrhoeae

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13
Q

Which Neisseria species is transmitted through respiratory and oral secretions?

A

N. meningitis

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14
Q

How are N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis closely related?

A

75% of the N. meningitidis Z2491 genes were homologous with N. gonorrhoeae FA1090 genes

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15
Q

Although both Neisseria species possess Opa proteins, what is the only one that becomes opaque?

A

N. gonorrhoeae

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16
Q

What are the role of Opa proteins in Neisseria?

A

mediate tight adherence to epithelial cells

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17
Q

Infection with N. gonorrhoeae is usually (in men and women)?

A

Men: symptomatic

Women: asymptomatic

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18
Q

How does PID occur?

A

when bacteria (chlamydia trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae) move from the vagina or cervix into the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, or pelvis

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19
Q

What is the major cause of sterility and ectopic pregnancy and major cause of maternal death during pregnancy?

A

PID

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20
Q

Which proteins are important for attachment in N. gonorrhoeae infections?

A

Pili and Opa proteins

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21
Q

What is responsible for the tissue damage with neisserial diseases?

Study These Flashcards
A

Lipooligosaccharide (LOS)

- similar to LPS but lacks the O antigen

22
Q

Toxic damage to ciliated epithelial cells of mucosal surfaces can be caused by?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • TNF from phagocytes

- gonnoccal products such as peptidoglycan and LOS

23
Q

The acquired N. gonorrhoeae bacteria that comes into cell and is englufed by PMN are secreted back out of the cell how?

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A

secreted in PMN-rich exudate

24
Q

What do you get in men and women with Local infection of N. gonorrhoeae

Study These Flashcards
A

Men: Urethritis

Women: Cervicitis

25
In women, the most common complication of cervicitis is what?
PID
26
What are symptoms of Urethritis in men?
- Pyogenic inflammation - Purulent discharge - Dysuria
27
In a histological picture of N. gonorrhoeae. What do you see?
- Polymorphonuclear leukocyte - Extracellular gram negative diplococci - Intracellular gram negative diplococci
28
What is the classical presentation of disseminated gonococcal infections (DGI)?
Arthritis dermatitis syndrome
29
What is seen in the First stage of Disseminated gonococcal infections (DGI)?
mostly in women, it affects the joints and skin
30
The second stage of DGI is characterized by?
- Septic arthritis | - Knee is most common site of purulent gonococcal arthritis
31
What is polyarthralgia?
septic arthritis in knee joints caused by gonococci
32
many patients with Polyarthralgia have what deficiencies?
Complement deficiencies including | - Properdin, MAC and Factor 1 deficiencies
33
Conjunctivitis in neonate caused by N. gonorrhoeae often follows what?
vaginal delivery from an untreated, infected mother, in utero or in postpartum period
34
How do you reduce conjunctivitis in neonate?
Prophylactic use of erythromycin or Silver nitrate
35
What kind of media should N. gonorrhoeae be collected on to suppress normal flora?
Thayer Martin Agar
36
What is the recommended treatment for N. gonorrhoeae?
Third generation Cephalosporin (CEFTRIAXONE)
37
Mixed infections of N. gonorrhoeae with Chlamydia trachomatis are common, so what should also be prescribed along with Ceftriaxone?
Doxycycline
38
What happens in Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome caused by N. Meningitidis?
Hemorrhage into the adrenal glands caused by fulminant meningococcemia
39
What VF causes fever, shock, TNF alpha release, inflammation?
Endotoxin (LOS)
40
Patients with Deficiencies in late acting complement components (C6-C9) are at increased risk for?
Neissria Meningitidis
41
What is the transmission route for N. Meningitidis?
Respiratory droplets and close contact with infectious person
42
Which serotypes of N. Meningitidis have caused most cases of Meningococcal meningitis in the USA?
Serotypes B and C
43
Waterhouse Friderichson syndrome is characterized by?
- High fever - Shock - Widespread purpura - damage to bilateral adrenal glands - coma, death
44
N. Meningitidis Pneumonia is caused by what serotypes?
Y and W-135
45
What is the treatment for N. Meningitidis?
Ceftriaxone or Ceforaxine
46
Which Neisseria is sensitive to penicillin?
N. Meningitidis
47
Which Neisseria is resistant to penicillin?
N. gonorroheae
48
What are the antimicrobials used to eradicate menengococci from the nasopharynx?
- Rifampin - Quinolones - Ceftriazone
49
The Vaccine (menomune) for N. Meningitidis protects against which groups ?
Groups A, C, Y and W-135
50
The Vaccine (menomune) for N. Meningitidis does NOT protect against which groups?
ONLY group B

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