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RUSVM Parasitology > Nematode: Rhabditida, Enplida, Oxyurida, And Spirurida > Flashcards

Nematode: Rhabditida, Enplida, Oxyurida, And Spirurida Flashcards

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1
Q

Strongyloides spp host?

A

Dog, cat, equine, ovine

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2
Q

What is the life cycle of Strongyloides spp?

A

Alternate homogonic and heterogonic phases

Heterogonic- in good environmental conditions the L1 to Adult (male and female)

Homogonic- L3 infect host in bad environmental conditions. Only develop into females. She don’t need no man in her life.

Migrate to lungs, coughed up, swallowed, adult females in small intestine

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3
Q

What are the modes of transduction of Strongyloides Spp?

A

Transmammary
Per Os
Percutaneous
Prenatal

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4
Q

What is the PPP of Strongyloides??

A

1-2wks

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5
Q

Site of infection of Strongyloides spp?

A

Small intestine

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6
Q

Pathogenesis of Strongyloides spp?

A

Inflammation of small intestine

Diarrhea, anorexia, and weight loss.

Skin penetration: erythematous reaction and urticaria

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7
Q

What is the treatment of Strongyloides spp?

A

Young animals
Anthelmitics
Dependent on host

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8
Q

T or F: Strongyloides have potential zoonosis

A

True

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9
Q

Strongyloides infects what hosts?

A

Dog and cat

Zoonotic

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10
Q

What is the diagnostic stage of Strongyloides stercoralis?

A

L1 and eggs with L1 in feces

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11
Q

Strongyloides westeri infects what host?

A

Equine

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12
Q

Strongyloides papillosus infects what hosts?

A

Sheep, goat, cattle

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13
Q

Strongyloides ransomi infects what host?

A

Swine

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14
Q

identify

Adults- small intestine, slender white nematode less than 1cm
Esophagus 1/3 the length of the nematode

Egg- with L1 30x40um

A

Strongyloides spp

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15
Q

What are the two important superfamilies in the order Enoplida?

A

Trichinelloidea and Dioctophymatoidea

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16
Q

What is the common morphological feature of Trichinelloidea?

A

stichosome esophagus, single column of cells in a tube.

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17
Q

What is the common name of Trichuris spp?

A

Whipworm

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18
Q

What are the hosts of Trichuris spp?

A

Dog, cat, swine, cattle, ovine

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19
Q

What nematodes have a thick posterior end and a thin anterior end?

Eggs- polar plugs (lemon shaped)

A

Whipworm

Trichuris spp

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20
Q

What is the site of infection of Trichuris spp?

A

Cecum and or colon

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21
Q

What is the pathogenesis of Trichuris spp in heavy infection ?

A

Diphtheritic inflammation (leathery/bumpy) of cecal mucosa

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22
Q

What are the clinical signs of Trichuris spp??

A

Sporadic disease due to heavy infections most common in dog

Severe infection = diarrhea and weight loss

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23
Q

What are the hosts of Capillaria

A

Dog, cat, bird

Zoonotic

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24
Q

Capillaria obsignata infects what species?

A

Birds

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25
Identification Birds Adult- thin hair-like (1-5cm) Egg- polar plugs (barrel-shaped)
Capillaria spp
26
Is the life cycle of Capillaria spp is direct or indirect?
Can be direct or indirect dependent on the species
27
What are the sites of infection of Capillaria in dogs and cats?
Airways, intestinal tract, and bladder
28
What is the site of infection of Capillaria in Birds?
Alimentary tract
29
What is the pathogenesis of Capillaria in dogs and cats?
Non pathogenic, asymptomatic Be aware of this and eggs, if found in feces -> not causing clinical signs
30
What are the hosts of Trichinella spp?
Mammals, birds and reptiles Zoonotic
31
Identify Coiled larvae in striated muscle
Trichinella
32
How is Trichinella spp transmitted?
Ingesting raw or undercooked pork and game meats
33
What is the site of infection of Trichinella spp?
Adult-small intestine | Larvae- muscles
34
What is the pathogenesis and clinical signs of Trichinella spp?
Clinical signs do not occur in animals Humans exhibit flu like symptoms
35
What are the methods of diagnosis of Trichinella spp?
Pooled sample digestion ELISA Squash preparation
36
What is the best method of prevention of Trichinella spp?
Do not allow pigs to eat uncooked meat, scraps or carcasses of animals/rats
37
What is the common name of Dioctophyme renale?
Giant kindey worm
38
What are the hosts of Diocophyme renale?
Dog, fox, mink Zoonotic IH: Earthworm PH: frog or fish
39
What is the common name of Oxyuris Equi?
Large pinworm
40
What is the host of oxyuris equi?
Equine
41
Identify Equine Adults: Long, white and pointed tail Eggs: single operculum
Oxyuris equi
42
What is the life cycle of Oxyuris equi?
Adults in dorsal colon. Females migrate to anus and lay eggs around perinureum Gelatinous substance Larvae to L3 in egg-> ingested
43
Horse with puritus, peri-anal irritation, and broken hair at the base of the tail most likely has what parasite?
Oxyuris equi | Pinworm
44
The superfamily filariodiea has what common characterisitic?
Indirect life cycle Females lay mff Mff are consumed by IH which develop to L3 (infective stage)
45
Dirofilaria immitus Hosts?
Dog, cat, mammals Zoonotic IH: Mosquito
46
Identify Dog Adult- long slender 20-30cm in pulmonary artery Mff
Dirofilaria immitis
47
What is the life cycle of Dirofilaria ?
``` Adult- pulmonary artery Produce mff Mosquito pick up mff Develop to L3 in mosquito L3 in salivary gland of mosquito-> bite host L3 develops to L4 quickly L4 migrate in subcutaneous tissues for (2-3months) L5 into capillary to pulmonary artery Adult ```
48
What is the site of infection of Dirofilaria ?
Adult- distal pulmonary artery, only in large infection back up to the heart Larvae-Subcutanous tissue Mff-blood
49
What is the pathogenesis of Dirofilaria?
``` Endothelium destroyed Fluid leakage/thrombus formation Tortuous arteries Increased resistance Post-caval syndrome ```
50
What obligate intracellular bacteria does heartworm contain that is an important target during treatment?
Wolbacia spp. Treat with doxycycline
51
What are the clinical signs of heartworm?
Exercise intolerance | Asymptomatic cough
52
What methods can be used to diagnose heartworm?
``` Antigen test: sexually mature adult female Mff test- Ag testing Occult infections Radiology-pulmonary lesions Echocardiography ```
53
When should heartworm preventatives be started? What does the preventative target?
6-8wks of age Test before beginning preventative MCL-against L3 and early L4
54
What are the general treatment protocols for heartworm?
``` Address clinical condition Prophylaxis Doxycycline -Wolbacia Kill mff Manage clinical signs Adulticide ``` Cage rest Mosquito control
55
What is the host of Acanthocheilonema reconditum?
Dog
56
What is the importance of Acanthocheilonema reconditum?
Have mff- must distinguish from heartworm
57
What is the site of infection of Acanthocheilonmea reconditum?
Adult-subcutis | Mff in blood
58
What is the host on onchocerca cervicalis?
All equids
59
What is the site of infection of Onchocerca cervicalis?
Adult-coiled in tissue nodules Mff in tissue space of skin (often by nuchal ligament) Itchy dermatitis
60
What is the common name of Spirocerca lupi ?
Esophageal worm
61
What are the hosts of spirocerca lupi?
Final host: dog, wolves, coyote, fox IH: dung beetle PH: Chicken, bird, lizard
62
Identify Adult:pink to red in colour and up to 8cm long Egg: small elongated with L1, thick shelled (paper clip)
Spirocerca lupi

RUSVM Parasitology (12 decks)

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