Neoplasia I #5 (1/25/16) Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is Neoplasia?
“New Growth” = loss of responsiveness to normal growth controls.
*Sometimes benign, sometimes Malignant (Cancer)
What is a parenchyma?
What is a stroma?
Parenchyma = Neoplastic cells Stroma = Supporting CT and blood vessels
What is a Hamartoma?
Proliferation of tissue normally found at site.
What is an Choristoma?
Collection of tissue not normally found in that anatomic site.
What is a Teratoma?
Neoplasm derived from more than one germ layer, behavior ranges from begin to aggressive.
What are Malignancies?
Similar to benign nomenclature, with certain exceptions.
- Mesenchymal malignancies are termed “sarcoma”
- Epithelial malignancies are termed carcinoma (Squamous ell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma
What is a lymphoma?
Malignancy of lymphoid tissue
What is Melanoma?
Malignancy of Melanocytes
What is Seminoma?
Testicular Malignancy
What is Mesothelioma?
Pleural Malignancy
How do you discern between benign and malignant?
- Differentiation
- Rate of growth
- Local Invasion
- Metastasis
Tell me about Differentiation…
Differentiation refers to how well the parenchymal cells of the neoplasm resemble their normal tissue of origin.
- Benign tumors almost always closely resemble normal tissue microscopically.
- Mitoses are usually scarce and normal in appearance.
T or F, Malignant tumors may have a wide range of Differentiation.
True
Poorly differentiated malignancies are termed ______.
Anaplastic (High grade)
T or F, Well differentiated malignancies resemble normal tissue to a large extent.
True
_____ is the most extreme disturbance in cell growth and differentiation.
Anaplasia Features: - Pleomorphism - Nuclear hyperchromatism and vacation in nuclear size and shape. - numerous and atypical mitoses
What is Dysplasia?
Disorderly, but non-neoplastic growth or proliferation.
- Usually refers to epithelial process of maturation.
- Cellular Atypia and architectural changes ranging from mild to carcinoma-in-stu.
- Potential to become invasive carcinoma
T or F, Malignacies are often well differentiated and more likely to retain function compared to Benign tumors.
False, Benign tumors are more likely to be well differentiated and retain function.
T or F, Malignancies may produce proteins that are function but unrelated to the tissue type of the tumor.
true
Benign tumors usually grow ______.
Slowly
Well differentiated malignancies usually grow ____ while poorly differentiated malignancies tend to grow _____.
Slowly
Rapidly
What happens if a tumor outgrows its blood supply?
Areas of Ischemic necrosis occur.
What is Local Invasion?
Benign Neoplasms tend to remain localized-slow growth usually results in formation of a compressed layer of connective tissue enclosing the tumor.
*Most, but not all benign tumors have a fibrous capsule.
Do malignancies have well defined capsules?
Nope
