Nephrology

Question 1

Struvite stones

Answer 1

Caused by proteus mirabilis
In alkaline urine
Staghorn shaped

Question 2

Alport syndrome

Answer 2

X linked dominant

Question 3

Av fistula

Answer 3

6 weeks of maturation to 8 weeks
flow volume >600 mL/min,
vein diameter >6 mm
, vein depth <6 mm

Question 4

Ckd diagnosis

Answer 4

> 60 is only diagnosed as ckd when there is concomitant abnormalin U,E or proteinuria hematuria

Question 5

Peritoneal dialysis

Answer 5

Coagulate negative staph epidermidis

Question 6

Beckwith wiedeman

Answer 6

Wide man: large tongue, organomegaly, wills,

Question 7

Serum osmolarity

Answer 7

2x NA+ glucose+ urea

Question 8

Cyproterone acetate

Answer 8

Used with goserelin at first during prostate cancer Rx

Question 9

Tacrolimus

Answer 9

Tremor most common side effect

Question 10

Stones opacity

Answer 10

Urate and xanthine=radiolucent
Cystine semi

Question 11

Drugs safe in pregnancy

Answer 11

PASH:
Prednisolone
Azathioprine
Sulfasalazine
Hydroxychloroquinone

Question 12

Plasma exchange complications

Answer 12

Hypocalcemia
Met alkalosis

Question 13

Pct

Answer 13

Most important for sodium reabsorption
Secretes H ions for bicarbonate

Question 14

UTI = suprapubic pain and dysuria suddenly develops AKI

Answer 14

Renal papillary necrosis
Most commonly caused by DM

Question 15

Nephrotic plus SLE

Answer 15

Class 5 membranous

Question 16

Anti gbm

Answer 16

HLA DRB1 15 01

Question 17

Cystine stones

Answer 17

Appear only on ct
Hexagonal in shape

Question 18

XRAY OF ANTI GBM

Answer 18

Bilateral Infiltrates due to pulmonary hemorrhage