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Year 3 MSK (JK) > Nerve palsies > Flashcards

Nerve palsies Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

Peripheral nerves in upper limb

A 
musulocutaneous 
median 
axillary 
radial 
ulnar
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2
Q

Peripheral nerves in lower limb

A

LFCN
sciatic
common peroneal
femoral

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3
Q

Spinal level and myotomes
C5.6.7.8.T1
L2,3,4,5S1

A 
elbow flexors 
wrist extensors 
elbow extensors 
finger extensors 
intrinsic muscles of the hand 
hip flexors 
knee extensors 
ankle dorsiflexors 
long toe extensors 
plantarflexors
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4
Q

3 types of nerve palsies associated with brachial plexus

A

Erb’s
Klumpke’s
total brachial plexus

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5
Q

Erb’s palsy spinal level

A

C5,6

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6
Q

Klumpke’s palsy spinal level

A

C8,T1

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7
Q

Erb’s palsy

A

common, traction of C5/6 in labour

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8
Q

appearance of Erb’s palsy

A

waiter’s tip –> shoulder adducted and internal rotation, elbow extended and pronated wrist flexed

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9
Q

Is Erb’s or Klumpke’s palsy more common?

A

erb

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10
Q

Causes and appearance of klumpke’s palsy

A

falling out of tree, delivered hand first

small muscles of hand - claw hand

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11
Q

spinal nerve roots of MCN nerve

A

C5,6,7

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12
Q

MCN cord

A

lateral

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13
Q

What muscle does MCN pierce?

A

coracobrachialis

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14
Q

What 2 muscles does MCN run inferiorly between and supply?

A

biceps brachii

brachialis

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15
Q

What joint does MCN supply?

A

elbow

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16
Q

How does MCN terminate?

A

as lateral cutaneous nerve to forearm

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17
Q

Hiltons law

A

a sensory nerve supplying a joint also supplies muscles moving joint and skin overlying muscle insertions

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18
Q

axillary nerve cord

A

posterior

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19
Q

What does the axillary nerve wrap around?

A

surgical neck of humerus

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20
Q

what muscles does the axillary nerve supply?

A

deltoid and teres minor

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21
Q

what skin does axillary nerve supply?

A

over lateral arm - regimental badge area

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22
Q

When can the axillary nerve be damaged and what are the signs?

A

shoulder dislocation and fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus
deltoid atrophy

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23
Q

Radial nerve spinal level

A

C5-T1

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24
Q

Axillary nerve spinal level

A

C5.6

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25
Radial nerve cord
posterior
26
What muscles does the radial nerve supply?
triceps, brachioradialis, ECRB,ECRL
27
What groove does the radial nerve run in?
radial groove of humerus going from the medial to lateral side
28
What does the radial nerve divide into?
posterior interosseous nerve | superficial radial nerve
29
PIN supplies - motor or sensory?
motor
30
SRN supplies - motor or sensory?
sensory
31
2 causes of radial nerve palsy
entrapment eg fracture of humerus | compression eg Saturday night palsy
32
radial nerve palsy in axilla
loss of elbow and wrist extension, sensory changes in forearm and hand
33
radial nerve palsy in arm
loss of wrist extension and sensory loss
34
Radial nerve palsy in forearm
loss of finger extension - PIN
35
Radial nerve palsy in wrist
sensory loss - SRN eg handcuff
36
median nerve spinal level
C5-T1
37
median nerve cords
median and lateral
38
Median nerve supplies...
flexors of forearm (bar FCU and medial FDP), LOAF muscles
39
LOAF muscles
lateral 2 lumbricals, opponens pollicus, abductor pollicus brevis and flexor pollicus brevis (thenar)
40
median nerve sensation
radial 3.5 digits
41
floor, roof and contents of carpal tunnel
floor - carpal bones roof - flexor retinaculum contents - median nerve, 4 xFDS, 4X FDP and FPL
42
Causes of carpal tunnel syndrome
``` developmental swelling eg ganglion trauma eg distal radius fracture inflammatory eg rheumatoid, gout, TB metabolic eg pregnancy ```
43
symptoms and signs of carpal tunnel syndrome
nocturnal pain and paraesthesia in part or all of median nerve distribution wasting of thenar muscles
44
2 special tests for carpal tunnel syndrome
tinnels and phalens
45
Treating carpal tunnel syndrome
release flexor retinaculum
46
Ulnar nerve spinal level
C8, T1
47
ulnar nerve cord
medial
48
Does ulnar nerve have branches in arm?
no
49
How does ulnar nerve enter forearm?
between 2 heads of FCU
50
Ulnar nerve supplies
medial half of FDP, FCU and all intrinsic hand muscles but not LOAF ulnar 1.5 digits sensation
51
Where is the cubital tunnel?
between medial epicondyle and olecranon with FCU as roof
52
symptoms of cubital tunnel syndrome
numb on ulnar side of hand and difficult with fine tasks
53
wasted muscles in ulnar nerve palsy
1st webspace guttering hypothenar
54
ulnar claw hand
hyperextended MCPJ and flexed IPJ's
55
ulnar paradox
distal lesions worse clawing due to intact long flexors`
56
Froment's test
ulnar nerve not working so cheat and use FPL supplied by median nerve instead of AP
57
sacral plexus nerves
sciatic --> common peroneal and tibial
58
Lumbar plexus nerve
femoral
59
sacral plexus level
ventral rami of L4-S4
60
superior gluteal nerve supplies
gluteus medius, minimus and TFL
61
inferior gluteal nerve supplies
gluteus maximus
62
sciatic nerve supplies
hamstrings in post compartment of thigh
63
What does the common peroneal nerve wrap around?
neck of fibula
64
what does common peroneal nerve divide into?
deep and superficial peroneal nerve
65
deep peroneal nerve supplies
anterior compartment of leg
66
superficial peroneal nerve supplies
lateral compartment of leg
67
common peroneal nerve palsy
foot drop as impairs dorsiflexion
68
Lumbar plexus roots
L1-5
69
main branches of lumbar plexus
LFCN, femoral and obturator
70
meralgia parasthetica
altered sensation and pain in lateral thigh as LFCN compressed as it travels under lateral border of inguinal ligament

Year 3 MSK (JK) (30 decks)

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