Nerves 1

Question 1

What is a gyrus?

Answer 1

Ridge on cerebral cortex of brain

Question 2

What is a sulcus?

Answer 2

a groove on the cerebral cortex of the brain

Question 3

What are the names of the 4 lobes of the cerebrum?

Answer 3

frontal
temporal
parietal
occipital

Question 4

What is the diencephalon?

Answer 4

posterior part of forebrain that contains the thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 5

What are the three parts that make up the brainstem?

Answer 5

midbrain
pons
medulla oblongata

Question 6

What functions does the brainstem control?

Answer 6

basic functions e.g blood pressure/ respiratory rhythm etc

Question 7

What does the cerebellum do?

Answer 7

important in controlling motor function

Question 8

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

Answer 8

31

Question 9

How many cranial nerves are there?

Answer 9

12 pairs

Question 10

How many cervical nerves are there?

Answer 10

8

Question 11

How many thoracic nerves are there?

Answer 11

12

Question 12

How many lumbar nerves are there?

Answer 12

5

Question 13

How many sacral nerves are there?

Answer 13

5

Question 14

How many coccygeal nerves are there?

Answer 14

1

Question 15

What function do the nerves have that leave via the ventral root of the spinal nerve?

Answer 15

motor

Question 16

What function do the nerves have that leave the dorsal root of the spinal nerve?

Answer 16

sensory

Question 17

What is a ganglion?

Answer 17

is a set of cell bodies

Question 18

What is the white matter of the spinal cord made up of?

Answer 18

nerve axons

Question 19

What is the grey matter of the spinal cord made up of?

Answer 19

cell bodies

Question 20

What is another name for the cell body of a neurone?

Answer 20

soma

Question 21

What are dendrites?

Answer 21

branched endings of neurones that receive information

Question 22

What happens at the initial segment, also known as the axon hillock?

Answer 22

triggers action potential

Question 23

What does an axon do?

Answer 23

sends action potential

Question 24

What happens at the axon (presynaptic) terminals?

Answer 24

release transmitter

Question 25

What three kinds of neurones does the somatic nervous system have?

Answer 25

afferent (sensory) neurones interneurones efferent (motor) neurones

Question 26

What are glia?

Answer 26

support cells of the central nervous system

Question 27

Give a statistic to describe the proportion of glia in the CNS.

Answer 27

comprise 90% of cells in the CNS

Question 28

Name 3 different types of glia cells.

Answer 28

astrocytes oligodendrocytes microglia

Question 29

What 2 functions do astrocytes do?

Answer 29

maintain external environment for the neurones | surround blood vessels and produce the blood/brain barrier

Question 30

What function do oligodendrocytes have?

Answer 30

form myelin sheaths in the CNS

Question 31

What 2 functions do microglia have?

Answer 31

``` phagocytic hoovers (digest dead neurones etc) mopping up infection ```