nervous system

Question 1

Which of these is not a function of the nervous system?

Answer 1

secreting hormones into the bloodstream to affect far-away organs

Question 2

Which of the following is true regarding the basic divisions of the nervous system?

Answer 2

The central nervous system is in charge of integrating incoming sensory information with past experiences and dictating motor responses.

Question 3

A somatic motor neuron carries

Answer 3

motor commands to the skeletal musculature.

Question 4

A nerve cell is the same as a

Answer 4

neuron

Question 5

Which of the following is not a characteristic of neurons?

Answer 5

ability to survive without oxygen

Question 6

This region of the neuron contains a single nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm.

Answer 6

cell body

Question 7

This region of a neuron contains chromatophilic substance or Nissl bodies.

Answer 7

cell body

Question 8

Neurofibrils

Answer 8

prevent the neuron from being pulled apart when subjected to tensile forces.

Question 9

Ganglia represent

Answer 9

groups of neuron cell bodies in the PNS.

Question 10

This region of a neuron is characterized by numerous, short cytoplasmic extensions and is often referred to as receiving regions.

Answer 10

dendrite

Question 11

All of the following are characteristics of dendrites except that they

Answer 11

always conduct action potentials.

Question 12

This neuronal region transmits electrical impulses away from the cell body.

Answer 12

axon

Question 13

Which of the following statements about an axon is false?

Answer 13

It carries nerve impulses toward the cell body.

Question 14

This tends to be the longest cytoplasmic projection from a neuron.

Answer 14

axon

Question 15

In this part of a neuron, neurofilaments, actin microfilaments, and microtubules are particularly abundant, providing structural support and a transport network.

Answer 15

axon

Question 16

Action potentials travel along the

Answer 16

axon membrane

Question 17

This part of the neuron may have branching collaterals.

Answer 17

axon

Question 18

Mitochondria are particularly abundant here.

Answer 18

axon terminal

Question 19

This is the site of communication between neurons.

Answer 19

synapse

Question 20

Most synapses transmit communicating signals using

Answer 20

chemical signaling molecules-neurotransmitters.

Question 21

In an axodendritic synapse, the region of the postsynaptic neuron that binds the released neurotransmitter is the

Answer 21

dendrite

Question 22

The ________ of a presynaptic neuron associates with the dendrite of a postsynaptic neuron.

Answer 22

axon terminal

Question 23

An axosomatic synapse occurs between the axon terminals of one neuron and the ________ of a proximal neuron.

Answer 23

cell body

Question 24

The chemical substance that is released at axon terminals is called a

Answer 24

neurotransmitter.

Question 25

Vesicles containing neurotransmitters are located in

Answer 25

axon terminals.

Question 26

Which of the following is the correct path an impulse takes across a synapse?

Answer 26

axon of presynaptic neuron, synaptic cleft, dendrite of postsynaptic neuron

Question 27

The majority of neurons in the body are

Answer 27

multipolar.

Question 28

Which relatively rare type of neuron has two processes extending from opposite sides of the cell body?

Answer 28

bipolar

Question 29

Which of the following statements concerning sensory neurons is incorrect?

Answer 29

They contain only dendrites.

Question 30

Interneurons are found

Answer 30

only in the CNS

Question 31

Astrocytes perform all of the following functions except

Answer 31

produce cerebrospinal fluid

Question 32

Which cells are the macrophages of the CNS?

Answer 32

microglial cells

Question 33

These glial cells arise from embryonic white blood cells.

Answer 33

microglia

Question 34

Ciliated neuroglial cells that form an epithelium and play an active role in forming and moving cerebrospinal fluid are

Answer 34

ependymal cells.

Question 35

These glial cells surround the cell bodies of sensory neurons within ganglia of the PNS.

Answer 35

satellite cells

Question 36

Which cells provide the myelin sheath for neurons in the CNS?

Answer 36

oligodendrocyctes

Question 37

Which cells provide the myelin sheath for neurons in the PNS?

Answer 37

Schwann cells

Question 38

Myelin on axons functions to

Answer 38

speed the rate of impulse conduction and insulate neighboring axons from one another.

Question 39

A node of Ranvier (myelin sheath gap)

Answer 39

is a bare region of axonal membrane in myelinated axons only.

Question 40

Nonmyelinated axons

Answer 40

conduct impulses more slowly than myelinated axons.

Question 41

The difference between myelinated and unmyelinated axons in the PNS is that

Answer 41

Schwann cells wrap around myelinated axons in concentric layers.

Question 42

The type of axon that conducts impulses most slowly is

Answer 42

thin, unmyelinated.

Question 43

Gray matter in the CNS contains all of the following except

Answer 43

fiber tracts.

Question 44

Special somatic senses have receptors that are located mostly in the head, including hearing and balance and vision.

Answer 44

true

Question 45

A neuron is a collection of nerve fibers in the PNS.

Answer 45

false

Question 46

All of the neuron's organelles are localized to the cell body.

Answer 46

false

Question 47

Any long axon is called a nerve fiber.

Answer 47

true

Question 48

Chromatophilic bodies are clusters of rough ER and free ribosomes that produce the large amount of proteins needed by a neuron.

Answer 48

true

Question 49

Most neurons in the body are multipolar neurons.

Answer 49

true

Question 50

Less than 15% of all neurons are interneurons.

Answer 50

false

Question 51

Microglia are ciliated to help circulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Answer 51

false

Question 52

Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells myelinate neurons within the peripheral nervous system.

Answer 52

false

Question 53

The supporting cells of the nervous system that surround and wrap neurons are derived from embryonic neuroepithelial cells from the ectoderm.

Answer 53

true

Question 54

The white matter is the site where neuron cell bodies are clustered.

Answer 54

false