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LBBBIO8 > nervous system > Flashcards

nervous system Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

what are the two main divisions of nervous system

A

central and peripheral

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2
Q

functions of the brain

A

receives and process sensory information, initiates responses, stores memories, generates thoughts and emotions

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3
Q

functions of spinal cord

A

conducts signals to and from the brain, controls reflex activites

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4
Q

what controls reflex activites

A

spinal cord

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5
Q

what are the components of central nervous system

A

brain and spinal cord

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6
Q

what are the two different neurons under peripheral nervous system

A

motor (efferent) and sensory (afferent)

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7
Q

differentiate motor and sensory neurons

A

sensory - transmit electrical impulses from sensory organs to cns

motor - transmit electrical impulses from cns to impactor organs

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8
Q

what are the two regulators of motor neurons

A

somatic and autonomic

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9
Q

somatic vs autonomic

A

somatic - voluntary movements
autonomic - involuntary responses

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10
Q

what are the divisions of autnomic nervous system and their differences

A

sympathetic - fight or flight
parasympathetic - rest or digest

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11
Q

what are the 3 divisions of the brain

A

forebrain - prosencephalon
midbrain - mesencephalon
hindbrain - rhombencephalon

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12
Q

composition of forebrain

A

cerebrum and diencephalon

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13
Q

anterior most part of the forebrain

A

cerebrum or cerebral hemisphere

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14
Q

what is the thinking center of the brain

A

cerebrum or cerebral hemisphere

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15
Q

what forms the olfactory bulb

A

cerebrum

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16
Q

function of diencephalon or thalamus

A

functions in processing sensory
information

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17
Q

club-shaped endocrine gland projecting from the roof of the diencephalon

A

pineal gland

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18
Q

other term for diencephalon or thalamus

A

twist brain

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19
Q

ventral side of the diencephalon is

A

optic nerves

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20
Q

located at the floor of the diencephalon

A

infundibulum

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21
Q

posterior to the infundibulum is the

A

pituitary gland

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22
Q

posterior to the diencephalon is the

A

optic lobes

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23
Q

what do the optic lobes represent

A

midbrain

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24
Q

function of midbrain

A

coordinating
responses to visual inputs

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25
what nerves emerge from the midbrain
cranial nerve III - oculomotor nerve cranial nerve IV - trochlear nerve
26
posterior to the optic lobes is the
cerebellum and medulla oblongata
27
components of hindbrain
cerebellum and medulla oblongata
28
function of cerebellum
functions in balance
29
function of medulla oblongata
regulates involuntary visceral functions
30
cranial nerves emerging from medulla oblongata
CN V - trigeminal CN VI - abducens CN VII - facial CN VIII - auditory IX - glossopharyngeal X - vagus
31
depressed ridge immediately posterior to the optic lobes
cerebellum
32
posterior to the medulla oblongata
spinal cord
33
differentiate the two enlargements of the spinal cord
brachial enlargement - aggregates of nerve supplying the forelimbs lumbar enlargement - aggregates of nerve supplying the hindlimbs
34
pointed end of the spinal cord is referred to as the
filum terminale
35
how many pairs of spinal nerves are there in a toad
10
36
where is filum terminale housed
urostyle
37
filum terminale + spinal nerves
cauda equina
38
differentiate meninges of the cns
pia mater - outermost covering of the spinal cord dura mater - innermost covering of the spinal cord
39
central canal is lined with what kind of cells
ependymal
40
function of ependymal cells
secrete the cerebrospinal fluid that fills the central canal
41
differentiate two areas surrounding the central canal
gray matter - inner darkly stained, butterfly or H-shaped white matter - outer, lightly stained area
42
extensions of the inner gray matter
dorsolateral extension - dorsal horn/cornua ventrolateral extension - ventral horn/cornua
43
olfactory nerve: origin, branches and extension, nature of work, function
origin - olfactory lobe branches and extensions - surface wall of the nasal apertures nature of work - sensory function - smelling
44
optic nerve: OBNF
origin - optic lobe branches and extensions - retina of the eyeball nature of work - sensory function - assist in visioin
45
oculomotor nerve OBNF
origin - ventral side of the midbrain branches and extensions - four muscles of the eyeball nature of work - motor function - control the contraction and expansion of eye muscles
46
trochlear nerve OBNF
origin - back side of the optic lobe branches and extensions - oblique muscles of the eyeball nature of work - motor function - control the movement of eyeball
47
trigeminal nerve OBNF
origin - lateral side of the medulla oblongata branches and extensions - 1. eyelid, nasal aperture and frontal part of head 2. integument of the lower jaw of the mouth and muscles of the buccal cavity nature of work - mixed functions - 1. move muscles of the upper side of the hea 2. control the movement of jaw 3. move the tongue
48
abducens nerve OBNF
origin - lateral side of medulla oblongata branches and extensions - muscle of eyeball nature of work - motor nerve function - control movement of eyeball
49
facial nerve OBNF
origin: lateral side of medulla oblongata branches and extension: 1. upper surface of the mouth cavity 2. lower surface of the mouth cavity nature of work: mixed function: perceive taste, move muscle of neck, help in chewing
50
auditory nerve OBNF
origin: lateral side of medulla oblongata branches and extension: different parts of inner ear nature of work: sensory function: hear and keep balance
51
glossopharyngeal nerve OBNF
origin: lateral side of medulla oblongata branches and extension: posterior part of tongue, muscles of pharynx nature of work: mixed function: perceive taste, touch, move tongue
52
vagus nerve OBNF
origin: lateral side of medulla oblongata branches and extension: 1. pharynx and oesophagus 2. lungs 3. stomach 4. heart nature of work: mixed function: control the functions of the pharyngeal region, contract lungs, stomach and heart
53
what nerves form the brachial plexus
1st - 3rd
54
what forms the lumbo-sacral or sciatic plexus
7th - 9th
55
main function of sympathetic trun
regulate involuntary functions
56
what is a plexus
network of communicating nerves
57
what does brachial plexus innervate
arm, neck, shoulder
58
what does the 4th, 5th and 6th nerves innervate
dorsal body wall
59
what does the sciatic plexus innervate
hindleg
60
cavities of brain
ventricles
61
network of fine blood vessels anterior to the pineal gland
choroid plexus

LBBBIO8 (8 decks)

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