Nervous System

Question 1

Nervous system is composed of two cell types ____________ and ______________.

Answer 1

Neugoglial Cells; Neurons

Question 2

Neuroglial cells (are/are not) involved in generating nerve impulses.

Answer 2

Are not

Question 3

Neuroglial cells are (smaller/greater) than neurons.

Answer 3

Smaller.

Question 4

True or false. Neuroglial cells provide only structural support.

Answer 4

False, they also provide functional support.

Question 5

True or false. Neuroglial cells are a common source of very invasive tumors.

Answer 5

True.

Question 6

What are the glial cells of the CNS?

Answer 6

Astrocytes, ogliodendrocytes, ependymal cells, and microglia.

Question 7

Name 4 functions of asrocytes..

Answer 7

• Maintain chemical environment for nerve impulse.
• Provide nutrients to neurons.
• Take up excess nutrients.
• Help form the blood-brain barrier.

Question 8

Ogliodendrocytes produce myelin sheath in the PNS.

Answer 8

False, they produce myelin sheath in the CNS.

Question 9

What are the functional properties of microglia?

Answer 9

They are phagocytic.

Question 10

Which neuroglial cell is responsible for producing cerebral spinal fluid?

Answer 10

Ependymal Cells

Question 11

Ependymal cells line ________ of the brain and _____________ of the spinal cord.

Answer 11

Ventricles; central canal.

Question 12

Name the glial cells of the PNS.

Answer 12

Schwann cells and satellite cells.

Question 13

True or false. Satellite cells form myelin sheath in the PNS.

Answer 13

False, schwann cells do.

Question 14

Where are satellite cells found?

Answer 14

Around cell bodies of neurons in ganglia in the PNS.

Question 15

What is the function of satellite cells?

Answer 15

Support neurons in PNS ganglia.

Question 16

The structural and functional unit of the nervous system is the _________.

Answer 16

Neuron.

Question 17

The function of the neuron is to…

Answer 17

transmit and process nerve impulses.

Question 18

True or False. The receptive portion of the neuron is the axon.

Answer 18

False, the receptive portion is the dendrite.

Question 19

The highly branched nature of dendrite is to (increase/decrease) the surface for reception of signals.

Answer 19

Increase.

Question 20

The axon carries impulses __________ from the cell body.

Answer 20

Away.

Question 21

The site of action potential is called the ___________ ___________.

Answer 21

Action hillock.

Question 22

Motor neurons are (Multipolar/ Pesudounipolar/Bipolar).

Answer 22

Multipolar.

Question 23

The cell body of this sensory neuron can be found in spinal ganglion.

Answer 23

Pseudounipolar

Question 24

This sensory neuron is found in the olfactory epithelium and retina.

Answer 24

Bipolar.

Question 25

The CNS is comprised of the ___________ and ______________________.

Answer 25

Brain; Spinal Cord

Question 26

The PNS is divided into the 2 systems. What are they?

Answer 26

The somatic nervous system and the automonic nervous system.

Question 27

The function of somatic sensory neurons include...

Answer 27

The transmission of tough, pain, temperature, and position of sensory receptors.

Question 28

Somatic motor neurons innervate...

Answer 28

skeletal muscle, only.

Question 29

True or false. A nerve consists of a single cell.

Answer 29

False, a neuron is a single cells.

Question 30

A cluster of neurons process found OUTSIDE of the CNS is called a ________.

Answer 30

Nerve.

Question 31

True or false. Nerves can be found in the spinal cord and also the brain.

Answer 31

False. No nerves in the brain and no nerves in the spinal cord.

Question 32

A cluster of neuron processes found INSIDE the CNS is called a _________.

Answer 32

Tract

Question 33

A cluster of neuron cell bodies found OUTSIDE of the CNS is a nerve.

Answer 33

False, it is called a ganglion.

Question 34

A cluster of neuron cell bodies found INSIDE of the CNS called a ___________.

Answer 34

Nucleus.

Question 35

The thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system is also called...

Answer 35

the sympathetic division

Question 36

True or False. The sympathetic division is anabolic (enery conserving).

Answer 36

False. It is Catabolic.

Question 37

The sympathetic division is associated with what kind of response?

Answer 37

Fight or flight response.

Question 38

How does the sympathetic division regulate blood vessels?

Answer 38

Increased stimulation of the sympathetic division increases vasoconstriction and as a result increases blood pressure in the body.

Question 39

The parasympathetic division of the autonomic division is also known as...

Answer 39

The craniosacral division.

Question 40

The parasympathetic system is a(n)(anabolic/catabolic) system.

Answer 40

Anabolic or energy conserving.

Question 41

The parasympathetic division of the body functions to do what?

Answer 41

It restores the body to resting condition.

Question 42

Information in the autonomic system is carries through a set of 2 neurons called the __________ and _____________ neurons.

Answer 42

Presynaptic and Postsynaptic neurons.

Question 43

Presynaptic neurons of the thoracolumbar division are found in the intermediolateral cell columns (IMLs) near the which vertebrae?

Answer 43

T1-12 and L1-2 or 3 (depending apon the person).

Question 44

Where do the postsynaptic cell bodies of the sympathetic nervous system occur?

Answer 44

In paravertebral gangila and prevertebral ganglia.

Question 45

Where are the paravertebral ganglia located?

Answer 45

They are linked to form left and right sympathetic trucks on each side of the vertebral columns.

Question 46

Where are the prevertabral ganglia located?

Answer 46

In plexus that surround the origins of the main branches of the abdominal aorta.

Question 47

Where are the presynaptic cell bodies of the parasympathetic division located?

Answer 47

In the grey matter of the brainstem and grey matter of S2-S4 of the spinal cord.

Question 48

Where are the cell bodies of postsynaptic neurons of the parasympathetic or craniosacral division located?

Answer 48

In the head and on the target organ, elsewhere in the body.