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Nervous system Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

coronal or frontal view

A

body is split from front to back

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2
Q

median or saggital view

A

body is split in half down the middle

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3
Q

axial or transverse

A

body is split in half from top and bottom

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4
Q

cerebellum controls?

A

motor control, fine movement

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5
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system function

A

homeostasis of bodily functions, respiration, cardiac function, digestion, metabolism

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6
Q

neuro symptoms that are emergent

A

LOC, new onset seizures, head trauma, stroke s/s

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7
Q

what’s the first thing that goes in the elderly?

A

smell

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8
Q

what happens to reflexes, hearing and vision as we age?

A

they decrease

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9
Q

when doing a neuro exam, how do you assess?

A

in order of highest to lowest level of function

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10
Q

cognitive function examples

A

memory, orientation, attention span, calculation ability, thought content

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11
Q

lethargic

A

droozy

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12
Q

obtunded

A

difficult to arouse

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13
Q

stuporous

A

arousable only with vigorous stimulation

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14
Q

cranial nerve 1 and how to test

A

olfactory; smell

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15
Q

cranial nerve 2

A

optic nerve

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16
Q

how to test cranial nerve 2

A

confrontation, fundoscopic exam, snellen chart

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17
Q

cranial nerve 3

A

oculomotor

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18
Q

how to test cranial nerve 3

A

elevation of eyelid and pupillary constriction, extraocular movement

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19
Q

which cranial nerves are sensory?

A

1,2,5,7,8,9,10

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20
Q

which cranial nerves are motor?

A

3,4,5,6,7,9,10,11,12

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21
Q

which cranial nerves are both sensory and motor?

A

5,7,9,10

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22
Q

how to test cranial nerve 4

A

down and in eye movements (EOMs)

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23
Q

cranial nerve 4

A

trochlear

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24
Q

cranial nerve 5

A

trigeminal

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25
how to test cranial nerve 5
sensation to corneas, nasal and oral mucosa, facial skin, motor function of jaw
26
cranial nerve 6
abducens
27
how to test cranial nerve 6
lateral eye movement
28
cranial nerve 7
facial nerve
29
how to test cranial nerve 7
taste, have patient smile, show teeth
30
which cranial nerve effects bells palsy
cranial nerve 7
31
cranial nerve 8
acoustic
32
how to test cranial nerve 8
whisper test, rinne, weber
33
a positive Romberg (meaning the patient is swaying) effects which cranial nerve?
8
34
cranial nerve 9
Glossopharyngeal
35
cranial nerve 10
vagus
36
how to test cranial nerve 9
swallowing, TASTE
37
how to test cranial nerve 10
swallowing, GAG
38
cranial nerve 12
hypoglossal
39
how to test cranial nerve 12
tongue movement in swallowing and speech, stick out tongue
40
cranial nerve 11
spinal accessory
41
how to test cranial nerve 11
place palm against cheek and ask them to turn head against resistance, place patients shoulders and ask them to shrug against your resistance
42
kinesthesia
ability to perceive extent, direction, or weight of movement; you move body part and patient tells you where it is.."up or down"
43
stereognosis
ability to recognize the form of solid objects by touch; you give patient a familiar object and they tell you what it is with their eyes closed
44
extinction phenomenon
disorder that impairs the ability to perceive multiple stimuli of the same type simultaneously
45
graphesthesia
ability to recognize outlines, numbers, words, or symbols traced or written on the skin
46
point location
patient closes eye, you point to body part and patient point to where you pointed
47
Barre test and what is it also called?
pronator drift, hold hands up straight and see if there is a drift
48
how to test for coordination and fine motor skills (cerebellum)?
Barre test, heel to shin test, rapid hand movement, touch thumb to fingers one at a time
49
proprioception
the awareness of posture, movement, and changes in equilibrium and the knowledge of it (Romberg test, hop in place, shallow knee bend, gait)
50
Agraphesthesia
inability to recognize what you are writing on their hands when their eyes are closed
51
how are reflexes graded?
``` 0 absent 1 diminished 2 normal 3 increased but normal 4 hyperactive ```
52
cremasteric reflex
rub inner thigh and scrotum will rise
53
grasp, snout, sucking motion and glabella are reflexes that are normal in infant but abnormal in?
adults
54
glabella reflex
repeated blinking when nose touched
55
snout reflex
tap above mouth
56
where are the spinal roots for Biceps?
C5, C6
57
where are the peripheral nerves located for biceps?
musculo-cutaneous
58
where are the spinal roots for brachioradialis?
C6
59
where are the peripheral nerves located for brachioradialis?
radial
60
where are the spinal roots for triceps?
C7
61
where are the peripheral nerves located for triceps?
radial
62
where are the spinal roots for patellar quadriceps femoris?
L2-L4
63
where are the peripheral nerves located for patellar quadriceps femoris?
femoral
64
where are the spinal roots for Achilles gastrocnemius soleus?
S1
65
where are the peripheral nerves located for Achilles gastrocnemius soleus?
Tibial nerve
66
How is muscle resistance graded?
``` 5=they can push against hand/against gravity 4= can move with some resistance 3= can move against gravity 2= can move it with support 1=barely detectable 0=no muscular contraction ```
67
aphasia
absent or impaired ability to communicate by speech, writing or sign
68
dysphagia
inability to swallow
69
dysarthria
speech is difficult to understand
70
apraxia
inability to perform purposive movements
71
agnosia
inability to recognize or comprehend sights, sounds, words
72
dysarthria, aphasia and dysphagia are usually seen with damage to what?
cerebral cortex
73
normal pressure hydrocephalus (3 Ws)
wacky-dementia wet- loose bladder wild- gait is all over

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