Nervous System Test Flashcards by Ben Zammit

Nucleus

Cell body inside of a neuron

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Neuron

Basic structural unit of the nervous system

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Dendrites

Nerve fibers that carry impulses toward the cell body

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Axon

A single nerve fiber that carries impulses away from the cell body

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Myelin sheath

A lipid covering that increases the rate of transmission

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Synapse

Spaces between neurons

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Ventricles

Hello spaces that connect with each other

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Brain

Protected by membrane and skull

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cerebrum

Largest/highest section of the brain responsible for reasoning, memory, judgment

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cerebellum

Below back of cerebrum responsible for muscle coordination and balance

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Diencephalon

Located between cerebrum and midbrain

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Thalamus

Recognizes pain and temperature

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hypothalamus

Responsible for anger, fear, pain, affection

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Midbrain

Also known as the brainstem and responsible for Eye and auditory reflexes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pons

Below midbrain in brainstem and responsible for respiration

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Medulla oblongata

Lowest part of the brainstem and responsible for swallowing and coughing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Spinal cord

Continues from and ends at first or second lumbar

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Three layers of the meninges

Dura matter, arachnoid membrane, Pia matter

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Function of the meninges

Cover and protect the brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Two functions of cerebrospinal fluid

Circulates continually between the ventricles and through the subarachnoid

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Peripheral nervous system

Consists of the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Somatic nervous system

Consists of 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Homeostasis

Balanced state

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Paraplegia

Paralysis and then lower extremity/lower part of the body caused by spinal cord injury

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Encephalitis

Inflammation of the brain caused by a virus

Hydrocephalus

Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid

Neuralgia

Nerve pain

Cerebrovascular accident

Stroke, brain attack in the blood flow to the brain

Epilepsy

Severe seizures syndrome

Cerebral palsy

Disturbance in voluntary muscle action

Parkinson's disease

Depression of brain activities

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Degenerative neuromuscular disease

Nervous system functions

Communicate, control, homeostasis

Central nervous system composition

Brain and spinal cord

Dura matter

Tough fibrous membrane that lies next to the skull

Arachnoid membrane

Delicate layer with many silk like tissue strands

Pia matter

Loose tissue that covers the brain and in case is the blood vessels that supply to the brain

Cerebrospinal fluid

Fluid around the brain and spinal cord which acts as a cushion

Four paired lobes of the cerebrum

Frontal, parietal, Temporel, occipital

Three things controlled by the cerebrum

Reasoning, emotion, sensory perception

Three things controlled by the cerebellum

Balance, coordination, and posture

Three things the Medulla oblongata controls

Respiration, heartbeat, temperature

The peripheral nervous system is made up of…

Cranial and spinal

Afferent

Send it to central nervous system

Efferent

Send to muscle and glands

The autonomic nervous system regulates…

Cardiac, smooth, glands

The autonomic nervous system consists of…

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Reflex

A fast predictable automatic response to protect the body

Basic structural unit of the nervous system

Neuron

Combination of many nerve fibers outside of the brain and spinal cord

Nerve

Regulates heartbeat and respiration

Medulla oblongata

Coordinate muscles balance and posture

Cerebellum

Center of reasoning thought and memory

Cerebrum

Conducts impulses between brain parts in control some eye reflexes

Midbrain

Mass of nerve tissue protected by the school

Brain

Membrane covering brain and spinal cord

Meninges

Hollow space is located in the brain

Ventricles

Division of autonomic nervous system that acts in time for emergency

Sympathetic

How many axons carry impulses to a cell body

One

Where do efferent nerves carry messages to

Brain and spinal cord

What do connecting nerves carry

Sensory and motor messages

Cerebral palsy

Description: disturbance involuntary muscle action Cause: lack of oxygen Signs and symptoms: exaggerated reflexes Cure: None

Cardiovascular accident

Description: blood flow to the brain is blocked Signs and symptoms: weakness, paralysis, dizziness Cure: depends on type, clotbusting drugs

Multiple sclerosis

Description: chronic progressive disability condition degeneration of myelin sheath Signs and symptoms: double vision, weakness, fatigue Cure: Physical therapy, steroids, psychological counseling

Neuralgia

Description: nerve pain Signs and symptoms: information, pressure, toxing Cure: eliminating cause of pain