Nervous Tissue

Question 1

what is the basic function of the cns

Answer 1

to collect information from the outside and coordinate it

Question 2

what tries to coordniate new information with information from the past

Answer 2

CNS

Question 3

how does the motor pathway carry information

Answer 3

from motor to periphery

Question 4

how does the sensory pathway work

Answer 4

it carries information from periphery to the CNS

Question 5

what are the three supporting cells of a neruon

Answer 5

• glial cell (CNS)
• shcwann cell (PNS)
• satellite cells (PNS)

Question 6

what cells produce myelin sheath

Answer 6

• schwann

- oligodendrocyte

Question 7

what are the central process of a neruon

Answer 7

axon

Question 8

what are the peripheral process of neuorn

Answer 8

dendrites

Question 9

why is it that after a stroke a patient will complain of not having as much energy as they did before?

Answer 9

because neurons dont regenerate, once they are damages, they are damaged

Question 10

what is another name for the cell body

Answer 10

perikaryon

Question 11

where are nissl bodies located

Answer 11

in the cell body and the dendrites

Question 12

what helps you distinguish from axon and cell body

Answer 12

the presence of nissl bodies

Question 13

what carries information towards the cell and away from the cell

Answer 13

towards- dendrites

away- axon

Question 14

dendrite have a greater what then axon

Answer 14

diameter

Question 15

what part of the neuron produces atp and has mitochondria

Answer 15

axon

Question 16

what is the membrane of the axon called

Answer 16

axolemma

Question 17

what is inside the membrane of the axolemma

Answer 17

axoplasam

Question 18

what makes up 99% of the neurons

Answer 18

inter neurons

Question 19

multipolar

Answer 19

1 axon and two or more dendrites

Question 20

bipolar

Answer 20

1 axon and 1 dendrite

Question 21

unipolar

Answer 21

1 axon divides close to the cell body

Question 22

what goes from cell body to the periphery using kinesin

Answer 22

anterograde

Question 23

what goes from periphery to the cell body

Answer 23

retrograde

Question 24

terminal portion of the axon is called what

Answer 24

bulb or BOUTON

Question 25

what does axoaxonic mean

Answer 25

when axons come together and synapse

Question 26

two kinds of synapse what are they

Answer 26

electrical and chemical

Question 27

electrical synapses are in what part of the body

Answer 27

the smooth muscle and the cardiac muscle

Question 28

chemical synapse happens where

Answer 28

skeletal muscle

Question 29

what is the neurological disorder that results in the loss of dopamine secreating cells in the substansia nigra

Answer 29

parkinsons disease

Question 30

who is affected more when it comes to parkinson's disease

Answer 30

men

Question 31

what is the 2nd most common neurogenerative disease next to alzheimers

Answer 31

parkinson's disease

Question 32

guillian barre syndrom

Answer 32

patient will complain of burning and there is a relaxed reflex of the muscle

Question 33

what disease results from damage to the myelin sheath and the destruction of oligodendrocyte

Answer 33

mutliple sclerosis

Question 34

what are the two supporting cells in the PNS

Answer 34

-schwann cells and satellite cells

Question 35

what are the supporting cells int he CNS

Answer 35

ependymal cells and neuroglial cells

Question 36

what are the three kinds of neuroglial cells in the CNS

Answer 36

- astrcytes - oligodendrocytes - microglia

Question 37

which two supporting cells are responsible for myelination

Answer 37

schwann cells and oligodendrocytes

Question 38

the sheath of schwann is also called what

Answer 38

neurolemma

Question 39

what are present in the cytoplasm of schwan cells

Answer 39

-nucleus

Question 40

the inner collar of schwan cytoplasm is where

Answer 40

between the axon and the myelin

Question 41

what are schmidt- lantermann clefts

Answer 41

small islands of cytoplasm within lamellae of myelin

Question 42

where is the perinodal cytoplasm

Answer 42

at the node of ranvier

Question 43

the outler layer of perinuclear cytoplasm is where

Answer 43

around the myelin

Question 44

what moves faster, myleinated axons or unmyelinated axons?

Answer 44

myleinated

Question 45

saltatory conduction?

Answer 45

"jumping" from one node to another this is when the action potential is jumping from one node of ranver to another

Question 46

what are two demyelinating diseases?

Answer 46

Guillain Barre Syndrome Multiple Sclerosis

Question 47

what is known as the common life threatening disease of the PNS and is associated with the loss of muscle co-ordination and cutaneous sensation

Answer 47

Guillain Barre Syndrome

Question 48

what disease is marked by the damage of myelin (it detaches from the axon) Oligodendrocytes are destroyed affects the brain and the spinal cord

Answer 48

MS

Question 49

what surround PNS cell bodies

Answer 49

satellite cells

Question 50

what forms the complete cuboidal layer around a cell body, only the nuclei are visible

Answer 50

satellite cells

Question 51

where do satellite cells originate from

Answer 51

nerual crest cells

Question 52

where do schwann cells originate from

Answer 52

neural crest cells

Question 53

satellite cells produce what to the cell body

Answer 53

insulation | nutrition

Question 54

what are neuroglia called in the CNS

Answer 54

Glial cells

Question 55

most brain tumors originate from where

Answer 55

glial cells

Question 56

what cells provide physical and metabolic support for the CNS neurons

Answer 56

Astrocytes

Question 57

what are the phagocytic cells of CNS

Answer 57

microglia

Question 58

which neuralgia cells are attached to blood vessels

Answer 58

astrocytes

Question 59

which are the largest of the glial cells

Answer 59

astrocytes

Question 60

what are the two different kinds of astrocytes seen

Answer 60

protoplasmic and fibrous

Question 61

which astrocytes are prevalent in the grey matter and have numerous dendrites

Answer 61

protoplasmic astrocytes

Question 62

which astrocytes are more common in white matter

Answer 62

fibrous astrocytes

Question 63

what may regulate tight junction of the BBB

Answer 63

astrocytes

Question 64

when the CNS is damaged what produces scar tissue

Answer 64

astrocytes

Question 65

what is the tight barrier that allows for tight control over the passage of substances from blood into the CNS tissue, ther fore protecting the neuronal microenvironment

Answer 65

BBB

Question 66

what helps to protect cells from potential toxins and infectious agents

Answer 66

BBB

Question 67

what are aligned in rows between axons and have concentric layers of oligocyte plasma membrane?

Answer 67

oligodendroctyes

Question 68

how many tounge like process that wrap around an axon do oligodendrocytes have

Answer 68

2 or 3

Question 69

the same oligodendrocyte can form myelin sheaths for how many axons?

Answer 69

3-50